Lancaster County, Pennsylvania Slaveholders S-Z

Enslavement to freedom
	A series of pages exploring various aspects of enslavement in Pennsylvania
Lancaster County Slaveholders S - Z

Slaveholders Listed on this Page

Sample, Nathaniel (Enslaved persons listed: Bristo Landsay, Priest, Frank, Nance, Mary)

Sanderson, Francis (Enslaved persons listed: Sal, Moses, Andrew)

Sanderson, George (Enslaved persons listed: Un-named slave, Hannah, Dick)

Scott, Alexander--Little Britain Twp. (Enslaved persons listed: Thomas, Charles)

Scott, Alexander--Rapho Twp. (Enslaved persons listed: Tom)

Scott, Alexander, Sr. (Enslaved persons listed: Jem, Isaac, Hope, Hannah, Jem [born 1773], Bob, Dinah)

Scott, Eleanor (Enslaved persons listed: Pompey)

Scott, Hannah (Enslaved persons listed: Jack, Zilla)

Scott, John--Little Britain Twp. (Enslaved persons listed: Cesar, Jane, Un-named female, Thomas, Poll)

Scott, John--Martick Twp. (Enslaved persons listed: Bet)

Scott, Josiah (Enslaved persons listed: Nan)

Scott, Margaret (Enslaved persons listed: Poll, Davy)

Scott, Mary--Hempfield Twp. (Enslaved persons listed: Quash, David, Un-named female)

Scott, Mary--Little Britain Twp. (Enslaved persons listed: Nancy, Tom)

Scott, Samuel--Donegal Twp. (Enslaved persons listed: Un-named man, Un-named female, Charity, Darey)

Scott, Samuel--Little Britain Twp. (Enslaved persons listed: Silvy, Abraham)

Scott, Sarah (Enslaved persons listed: Hanna, Fanny, Ezilla)

Sewell, Charles S. (Enslaved persons listed: Charles, Sylvia, James, Sarah)

Shippen, Edward (Enslaved persons listed: Hannah)

Shippen, Joseph, Jr. (Enslaved persons listed: Cato)

Simon, Joseph (Enslaved persons listed: Catharine Tolbert [child], John, Catharine Tolbert [adult], Venus, Cato, Frank, William Tolbert)

Singer, Casper (Enslaved persons listed: Un-named Boy, Anthony Sernetor)

Skiles, Henry--Salisbury Twp. (Enslaved persons listed: Abel)

Skiles, Henry--Earl Twp. (Enslaved persons listed: Jack)

Skiles, Thomas (Enslaved persons listed: Venis, York)

Skiles, William (Enslaved persons listed: Jem)

Slaymaker, Amos (Enslaved persons listed: Un-named mulatto boy, Sidge, Abraham Scott, Lydia Scott, Dinah Scott, Patty)

Slaymaker, Henry (Enslaved persons listed: Ann Harding)

Slemons, Thomas (Enslaved persons listed: Rachel, Gin)

Slough, Matthias (Enslaved persons listed: George [runaway], Betty, Grace, Phebe, George [b. 1750], Cato, Roger [a.k.a. York], Lary, Isaac, Hannah, Frank, George [b. 1772], Kitty, Suck, Violet, other un-named slaves, Dinah)

Smith, Charles (Enslaved persons listed: Mary a.k.a Polly, Stella)

Smith, Elizabeth (Enslaved persons listed: Symbo, Rebeccah)

Smith, Isaac (Enslaved persons listed: Abigail Martin, George Martin)

Smith, John (Enslaved persons listed: Tom, Dina)

Smith, Margaret (Enslaved persons listed: Benn)

Smith, Mary Amelia (Enslaved persons listed: Jean)

Smith, Robert (Enslaved persons listed: Un-named woman, Dido, Tom, Cato, Zama, Mira)

Smith, Thomas, in partnership with James Wallace and James Fulton (Enslaved persons listed: 2 un-named males)

Smout, Elizabeth (Enslaved persons listed: Un-named slave)

Spear, Robert (Enslaved persons listed: George, Deborah, James Richards, Rose, Philas, Charity, Adah, Sidney (born 1779), Prince, David, Sidney (born 1790), Fanny, Juliet, George [born 1812])

Sproat, James (Enslaved persons listed: Dinah)

Steele, Elizabeth (Enslaved persons listed: Hailey, Hannah, Mahella Haydon)

Steele, John James (Enslaved persons listed: William Haydon)

Steele, John (Enslaved persons listed: Cambridge)

Steele, William (Enslaved persons listed: Maria)

Steele, William Jr. (Enslaved persons listed: Peet)

Steele, William Sr. (Enslaved persons listed: Hannah, Hailey, Ned)

Steman, Tobias (Enslaved persons listed: John)

Sterett, James (Enslaved persons listed: Cudjo)

Sterrett, David (Enslaved persons listed: Ruth, Rachel)

Stoner, Frederick (Enslaved persons listed: Mulattoe George)

Stout, David (Enslaved persons listed: Un-named slave)

Strickler, Jacob (Enslaved persons listed: Clary)

Strickler, Sarah (Enslaved persons listed: Peggy, Sabina)

Stubbs, Vincent (Enslaved persons listed: Dinah Kirk, Prudence, Un-named female)

Stump, Frederick (Enslaved persons listed: Cesar Rodney)

Tamer, Elizabeth (Enslaved persons listed: Sue)

Tate, Adam (Enslaved persons listed: Hannah)

Tate, Joseph, Reverend (Enslaved persons listed: Joe Lane)

Taylor, James (Enslaved persons listed: Barrack, Hannah, Bobb, Peter, Nell, Isaac, George)

Taylor, Mary (Enslaved persons listed: Dinah)

Thompson, Ann (Enslaved persons listed: Sampson)

Thompson, George (Enslaved persons listed: Phillis)

Thompson, James (Enslaved persons listed: Lemon)

Thompson, James, Administrator (Enslaved persons listed: Tom)

Thompson, Mary H. (Enslaved persons listed: Eliza, Saul)

Thompson, Nathan (Enslaved persons listed: Hannah)

Thompson, Robert, Col. [estate of] See "Thompson, James, Administrator"

Tidball, Jane (Enslaved persons listed: George)

Toppston, John (Enslaved persons listed: Esther)

Torbit, Jean (Enslaved persons listed: Un-named slave girl)

Torbit, John (Enslaved persons listed: Un-named slave girl)

Tweed, James (Enslaved persons listed: Sib, Isaac, Dinah)

Vance, Joseph (Enslaved persons listed: Phillis, Tom, Elizabeth, Fanny, Peter)

Vanleer, Isaac W. (Enslaved persons listed: Venus, Mealey, Kate, Charlotte, Rachel)

Vogan, James (Enslaved persons listed: Cudge)

Vogan, William (Enslaved persons listed: Cambridge [b. 1725], Rose, Lucy, Venus, Hester, Ann, Cambridge [b. 1779])

VonKennen, Baltzer (Enslaved persons listed: James)

Walker, James (Enslaved persons listed: Newport)

Walker, Joseph (Enslaved persons listed: Dill, Pegg, Dinah)

Wallace, James, in partnership with Thomas Smith and James Fulton--see "Smith, Thomas"

Wallace, James (Enslaved persons listed: Sal, Hannah, Bine)

Wallace, Robert--Earl Twp. (Enslaved persons listed: Venus, Jean, Kasper, Ned, Peter, Abbe)

Wallace, Robert--Drumore Twp. (Enslaved persons listed: Un-named male)

Wallace, William (Enslaved persons listed: Pegg)

Walters, John (Enslaved persons listed: Un-named female)

Watson, David (Enslaved persons listed: Flora, Ben, Isaac, Un-named male, Nance, Sal, Joe, Till, Solomon)

Watson, John (Enslaved persons listed: Un-named female, Briton, Phillis)

Welsh, John (Enslaved persons listed: Nancy Brown, James, Ellen, Maria, Caroline)

Wentz, Christopher (Enslaved persons listed: Alice Peters, William Hanacker)

White, Alexander (Enslaved persons listed: Bill)

Whitehill, Elizabeth (Enslaved persons listed: Betsy Richardson)

Whitehill, James F. (Enslaved persons listed: Mira or Maria, Henry, Albert)

Whitehill, John--Donegal Twp. (Enslaved persons listed: Prince, Susanna, Boston)

Whitehill, John--Salisbury Twp. (Enslaved persons listed: Rose, Daniel, Un-named female, Un-named male, Chance, Mirah, Jacob, Betty, George, Abby)

Whitehill, John Jr. (Enslaved persons listed: Jack, Peter)

Whitehill, Mary (Enslaved persons listed: Barbara, Lydia, Susanna)

Whitelock, Isaac (Enslaved persons listed: Will)

Whiteside, John (Enslaved persons listed: Cato)

Williams, Lilly (Enslaved persons listed: Rany)

Williams, Robert (Enslaved persons listed: Venus)

Williams, Robert Sr. (Enslaved persons listed: Hannah, Jacob)

Williamson, Margaret (Enslaved persons listed: Rachel)

Willson, Samuel (Enslaved persons listed: Parthena)

Wilson, James (Enslaved persons listed: Dinah)

Wilson, Samuel (Enslaved persons listed: Isaac, Jacob)

Wirtz, Christian (Enslaved persons listed: Dan, Lettus, Caesar, Bill)

Wistbay, William (Enslaved persons listed: Nan)

Wither, George (Enslaved persons listed: Peg)

Wither, John (Enslaved persons listed: Din)

Wither, Michael (Enslaved persons listed: James, Phillis)

Withers, George (Enslaved persons listed: Jane, Bob, Temperence, Mira, Venus, Charlotte, Charles)

Withers, John (Enslaved persons listed: Dorcas, Peet, Sampson)

Witmer, Daniel (Enslaved persons listed: Deborah, Jane Lewis, Mary King)

Witmer, David (Enslaved persons listed: Ann)

Woods, Adam (Enslaved persons listed: David, Hannah)

Woods, Samuel (Enslaved persons listed: Pegg, Nell, Jude)

Work, Andrew (Enslaved persons listed: Cloe, Moses)

Work, James (Enslaved persons listed: Bill, Un-named female, Simon, Sampson, Saul)

Work, Joseph (Enslaved persons listed: Loney, Bet, Lydia [b. 1781], Frank, Charity, Lydia [b. 1792], Sophia, Cassy)

Work, Widow (Enslaved persons listed: Un-named female)

Wright, William (Enslaved persons listed: Daphine)

Yeates, Jasper, Esq. (Enslaved persons listed: Un-named female, Phillis, Patty, Prince)

Yeates, John (Enslaved persons listed: Un-named female, Phillis, Voltaire [born 1802], Nancy, Voltaire [born 1817], Scipio, Rose, Napoleon Bonaparte)

Zantzinger, Paul (Enslaved persons listed: Jude, James, Flavia, Polly, Bell Gardner, Bill, Dina, Louisa, James, Isaac, Louisa [born 1798])

Enslavement Data

Slaveholder Name: Sample, Nathaniel W.
City or Township: Strasburg Township, Village of Strasburg
County: Lancaster
Occupation: "Minister of the Gospel" (source 119)
Notes: Source 119 gives two different middle initials for Sample: U and W.

Enslaved Person's Name: Bristo Landsay
Sex: Male
Age: Age not mentioned in description, but old enough to have a gray beard.
Date of Birth: Not known
Status: Runaway
Description: "Negro"
Notes: Bristo escaped from Sample on November 8, 1808. Text of runaway ad:
20 DOLLARS REWARD. RAN away, on Sunday morning last, Negro Bristo, (sometimes calls himself Bristo Landsay) about 6 feet high, stout made, bushy woolly hair, beard gray; is very fond of strong liquor, and very insolent when intoxicated: took with him sundry Clothes, viz. 2 coats (one brown, and the other pale blue) an olive coloured surtout, 2 castor hats (one nearly new) &c.
Whoever lodges said Negro in any Jail, so that his Master can obtain him again, shall receive the above reward, and reasonable expences, if brought to Strasburg Village, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. N.W. SAMPLE.
Nov. 8, 1808.
N.B. All Persons are cautioned against harbouring Negro Bristo, at their peril.
Sample placed a very similarly worded advertisement in the Philadelphia Aurora General Advertiser, dated November 9. In that ad he gave the name as Bristo Lindsey, and added "He is supposed to have either gone towards Morris county in Jersey, or Pittsburgh."
Date of Record: November 11, 1808
Sources: Lancaster Journal, Aurora General Advertiser, 14 December 1808.
Notes:
Enslaved Person's Name: Priest
Sex: Male
Age: 30
Date of Birth: 1770 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the 1800 Septennial Census.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800
Enslaved Person's Name: Nance
Sex: Female
Age: ? (adult)
Date of Birth: Not known
Status: Slave to the age of 28 years.
Description: "Negro woman"
Notes: Mother of Frank, born April 24, 1808, and Mary, born January 03, 1815. Ownership of Nance by Sample is established with the registration of her daughter Mary, in 1815.
Date of Record: February 08, 1815
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Frank
Sex: Male
Age: About three months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: April 24, 1808
Status: "bound to serve until he arrives at the age of 28 years"
Description: "Negro male child"
Notes: 1808 Registration notes "son of Nance a negro servant bound to serve until he arrives at the age of 28 years." Note that Frank was born in the same year that Bristo Landsay ran away.
Date of Record: August 15, 1808
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Mary
Sex: Female
Age: One month old at Registration.
Date of Birth: January 03, 1815
Status: Slave to the age of 28 years
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: Text of 1815 Registration: "Nathaniel W. Sample of the village of Strasburg, Minister of the Gospel, returns a negro female child named Mary daughter of his negro woman Nance, his servant, till she arrives at the age of 28 years, said child was born January 3, 1815."
Date of Record: February 08, 1815
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Sanderson, Francis
City or Township: Lancaster Borough
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Gentleman
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Sal
Sex: Female
Age: 13a
Date of Birth: 1767 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro girl
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 17, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Moses
Sex: Male
Age: 09a
Date of Birth: 1771 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 17, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Andrew
Sex: Male
Age: 07a
Date of Birth: 1773 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 17, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Sanderson, George
City or Township: Lancaster Borough
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: Recorded in the 1754 tax lists for the Borough of Lancaster as owning one slave. (Robinson, "Sidelights on Slavery")

Enslaved Person's Name: No name provided in source
Sex: Sex not mentioned in source
Age: Not mentioned in source
Date of Birth: Pre-1754
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Ownership recorded in 1754 tax lists for the borough of Lancaster.
Date of Record: 1754
Source: Robinson, "Sidelights on Slavery"
Enslaved Person's Name: Hannah
Sex: Female
Age: 18a ("or thereabouts")
Date of Birth: 1762 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "Slave for life."
Date of Record: October 03, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Dick
Sex: Male
Age: 18a ("or thereabouts")
Date of Birth: 1762 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "Slave for life."
Date of Record: October 03, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Scott, Alexander
City or Township: Little Britain Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes: Scott registered two children, Thomas and Charles, sons of "Negroe Jeudith," who was registered by "David Moor at Chester." Click here to view the Chester County 1780 listings, showing David Moore of West Nottingham Township, who registered one slave in 1780, presumably Jeudith, mother of Thomas and Charles.

Enslaved Person's Name: Thomas
Sex: Male
Age: 03
Date of Birth: 1786-January 13
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro Male Child"
Notes: 1788 Registration notes: "Son of Negro Jeudith a female Slave." "Said Mother Jeudith was duly registered By David Moor at Chester as a Slave."
Date of Record: January 05, 1789
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: Charles
Sex: Male
Age: 01
Date of Birth: 1788-July 10
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro Male Child"
Notes: 1788 Registration notes: "Son of Negro Judith a female Slave." "Said Mother Jeudith was duly registered By David Moor at Chester as a Slave."
Date of Record: January 05, 1789
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."

Slaveholder Name: Scott, Alexander
City or Township: Rapho Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Yoeman
Notes: Son of Alexander Scott, Sr.

Enslaved Person's Name: Tom
Sex: Male
Age: 06
Date of Birth: 1782-July 10
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro Male Child"
Notes: 1789 Registration lists Tom's mother as Hannah, who was registered by Alexander Scott Senior, deceased.
Date of Record: March 31, 1789
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Scott, Alexander, Sr.
City or Township: Hempfield Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Jem
Sex: Male
Age: age not specified
Date of Birth: Not known
Status: Captured runaway
Description: "Negro"
Notes: Ran away and was captured and jailed. The jailer's ad, placed in the Pennsylvania Gazette, reads: "WAS taken up last Week, and committed as Runaways, the two following Negroes, viz. the one named Jem, who says he belongs to Alexander Scott, in Lancaster County. The other named Charles, who says he belongs to Joseph Tatloe, near New Castle. Their Masters are desired to come and pay Charges, and take them away. JOSEPH THOMAS, Goaler."
Date of Record: May 8, 1766
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette, May 8, 1766
Enslaved Person's Name: Isaac
Sex: Male
Age: 27a
Date of Birth: 1753 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Mulatto man"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 10, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Hope
Sex: Male
Age: 20a
Date of Birth: 1760 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro man
Notes: Hope was the subject of a dispute, following the death of Scott, and the court sent the dispute to arbitration. Partial text of document:
Whereas there are several Accounts depending and divers Controversies and Disputes have Lately arisen on account thereof between the Executors of the last Will and Testament of Alexander Scot late of Hempfield Township in the County of Lancaster deceased and Doctor Lacky Murray of the Borough of Lancaster, all which Controversies and Disputes are chiefly touching and concerning the Cure of a certain Negroe called Hope late the property of the said Alexander Scot deceased & of distilling and selling of whiskey. . ."
". . .the said Alexander Scot deceased had in the year 1778 contracted to pay the said Lacky Murray the Sum of Thirty Pounds Specie, provided he cured the said Negroe Hope of a certain Sickness he then laboured under and the said Executors appeared willing to admit the Cure.
Document dated September 05, 1792, and signed by Edward Hand and Jacob Rieger (arbitors).
Date of Record: October 03, 1780
Sources: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780" | "Arbitration document concerning the estate of Alexander Scot, deceased"
Enslaved Person's Name: Hannah
Sex: Female
Age: 18 (at time of 1780 Registration)
Date of Birth: 1762 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro woman"
Notes: Hannah's son Tom was registered in 1789 by Alexander Scott (presumably the son of Alexander Scott, Sr.) of Rapho Township. The registration for Tom notes that Hannah was registered by Alex. Scott Senior, Dec'd. This is verified in source number 102, which shows a registration for Hannah, a Negro woman, aged 18 years, by Scott at Lancaster on October 10, 1780.
Date of Record: March 31, 1789
Source: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780
Enslaved Person's Name: Jem
Sex: Male
Age: 07a
Date of Birth: 1773 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 10, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Bob
Sex: Male
Age: 04
Date of Birth: 1776 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Mulatto boy"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 10, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Dinah
Sex: Female
Age: 02
Date of Birth: 1778 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro girl"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 03, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Scott, Eleanor
City or Township: Little Britain Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: Registration for the slave child Pompey was performed by "David Smith of the State of Maryland, administrator of the Estate of Eleanor Scott, late of Little Britain Township, deceased."

Enslaved Person's Name: Pompey
Sex: Male
Age: About five months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: "born on or about September 1, 1797"
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro male child"
Notes: 1798 Registration notes "son of Jane," a female slave.
Date of Record: January 31, 1798
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Scott, Hannah
City or Township: Rapho Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Widow
Notes: 1780 Slave Registrations included the phrase "enters as possessor."

Enslaved Person's Name: Jack
Sex: Male
Age: 15a
Date of Birth: 1765 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 18, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Zilla
Sex: Female
Age: 13a
Date of Birth: 1767 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro girl"
Notes: Possibly the mother of Joe Shirkey, a slave child born in 1787 and registered by John Hays of Rapho Township.
Date of Record: October 18, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Scott, John
City or Township: Little Britain Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Cesar
Sex: Male
Age: 24
Date of Birth: 1756 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro man"
Notes: 1780 Registration specifies status as "a slave."
Date of Record: October 14, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Jane
Sex: Female
Age: 07
Date of Birth: 1773 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro girl"
Notes: 1780 Registration specifies status as "a slave." Mother of Thomas, born April 14, 1795.
Date of Record: October 14, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: ???
Sex: Female
Age: 25
Date of Birth: 1775 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the Septennial Census of 1800. This could be Jane, who was registered in 1780 at age 7.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800
Enslaved Person's Name: Thomas
Sex: Male
Age: Infant at Registration
Date of Birth: April 14, 1795
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro male child"
Notes: 1795 Registration notes "son of negro Jane."
Date of Record: September 24, 1795
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Poll
Sex: Female
Age: Four months old at Registration
Date of Birth: July 22, 1795
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: 1795 Registration notes "daughter of negro Bett," a female slave.
Date of Record: November 26, 1795
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Scott, John
City or Township: Martick Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Bet
Sex: Female
Age: 05
Date of Birth: 1775 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro girl"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 26, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Scott, Josiah
City or Township: Hempfield Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: Died 1760. His will passes title for the slave Nan to his wife Mary. A Mary Scott of Hempfield Township did register slaves in 1780, but it is not certain if this is the same person, the widow of Josiah Scott, and none of the slaves registered were named Nan.

Enslaved Person's Name: Nan
Sex: Female
Age: ?
Date of Birth: ? Pre-1760
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro winch"
Notes: Mentioned in will of Josiah Scott, 1760. Source notes that this is recorded in Lancaster County will book C, page 60. Excerpt: "Josiah Scott, of Hempfield township, September 5, 1760, leaves to his wife Mary, 'his Negro winch Nan.' "
Date of Record: September 05, 1760
Source: Robinson, "Sidelights on Slavery"

Slaveholder Name: Scott, Margaret
City or Township: Little Britain Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: Daughter of Mary Scott of Little Britain Township. The relationship is noted in the original 1780 Slave Registration by the recorder. Margaret Scott's 1780 slave registrations were made by John Scott of Little Britain Township.

Enslaved Person's Name: Poll
Sex: Female
Age: 9 years old
Date of Birth: 1771 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro girl
Notes:
Date of Record: October 14, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Davy
Sex: Male
Age: 05
Date of Birth: 1775 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro boy
Notes:
Date of Record: October 14, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Scott, Mary
City or Township: Hempfield Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes: Possibly the widow of Josiah Scott of Hempfield Township, who willed his slave Nan to his wife Mary in 1760, although that slave does not show up in the 1780 slave registrations by this person.

Enslaved Person's Name: Quash
Sex: Male
Age: 45a
Date of Birth: 1735 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro man
Notes: 1780 Registration specifies status as "A Slave."
Date of Record: October 10, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: David
Sex: Male
Age: 18a
Date of Birth: 1762 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro man"
Notes: 1780 Registration specifies status as "A Slave."
Date of Record: October 10, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: ?
Sex: Female
Age: 07a
Date of Birth: 1773 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro girl
Notes: 1780 Registration specifies status as "A Slave." No name is given in the Registration for this person.
Date of Record: October 10, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Scott, Mary
City or Township: Little Britain Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Widow
Notes: Mary Scott's 1780 slave registrations were made by John Scott of Little Britain Township. See also, "Scott, Margaret."

Enslaved Person's Name: Nancy
Sex: Female
Age: 28
Date of Birth: 1752 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro woman"
Notes: 1780 Registration specifies status as "a slave."
Date of Record: October 14, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Tom
Sex: Male
Age: 02
Date of Birth: 1778 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes: 1780 Registration specifies status as "a slave."
Date of Record: October 14, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Scott, Samuel
City or Township: Donegal Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Name not given
Sex: Male
Age: 28a
Date of Birth: 1743 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negroe Man"
Notes: Offered for sale in 1771. Text of sale advertisement placed by Scott:
TO BE SOLD, By the Subscriber, living eight Miles above LANCASTER, A NEGROE MAN, who understands most Sorts of Plantation Work, is a likely able Man, about 28 Years of Age, and is to be sold for no Fault, but Want of Employ, by me. SAMUEL SCOTT.

Date of Record: November 21, 1771
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette, November 21, 1771
Enslaved Person's Name: ???
Sex: Female
Age: ?
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Mulatto"
Notes: This woman's child Sall was registered by Bartram Galbreath in 1789 in Lancaster. The registration notes that the child was "born of a Molatoe Slave who was in the service then of Samuel Scott of Donegal Township of County afforsd." This could be the Mulatto slave "Charity," who was registered at Lancaster by Scott on October 30, 1780.
Date of Record: March 31, 1789
Source: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780
Enslaved Person's Name: Charity
Sex: Female
Age: 28a
Date of Birth: 1752 (calculated)
Status: slave for a term of years
Description: "Mulatto woman"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "not slave for life."
Date of Record: October 30, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Darey
Sex: Undetermined
Age: 09 months
Date of Birth: 1780- January (calculated)
Status: slave to age 31
Description: "Mulatto child"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "to be free at the age of 31 years."
Date of Record: October 30, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Scott, Samuel
City or Township: Little Britain Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: Samuel Scott's 1780 slave registrations were made by John Scott of Little Britain Township.

Enslaved Person's Name: Silvy
Sex: Female
Age: 28
Date of Birth: 1752 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro woman"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 14, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Abraham
Sex: Male
Age: 13
Date of Birth: 1767 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 14, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Scott, Sarah
City or Township: Hempfield Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Widow
Notes: Registration for Hanna was by Scott's agent, Samuel Rankin.

Enslaved Person's Name: Hanna
Sex: Female
Age: Infant at Registration
Date of Birth: May 30, 1793
Status: Slave to age 28
Description:
Notes: 1793 Registration notes "being the daughter of negro Diana a female slave."
Date of Record: July 15, 1793
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Fanny
Sex: Female
Age: One month old at Registration
Date of Birth: June 2, 1795
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: 1795 Registration notes "daughter of negro Dinah," a female slave.
Date of Record: July 01, 1795
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Ezilla
Sex: Female
Age: Registered on same day of birth.
Date of Birth: August 06, 1797
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: 1797 Registration notes "daughter of Dinah," a female slave.
Date of Record: August 06, 1797
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Sewell, Charles S.
City or Township: Manor Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Charles
Sex: Male
Age: 30a
Date of Birth: 1778 (calculated)
Status: Slave to age 37
Description: "Negro man"
Notes: Charles was purchased by Sewell in the year 1808 from a Maryland slaveholder. Sewell granted Charles a conditional manumission, based upon Charles' serving Sewell for an additional seven years.
Partial text of Indenture: "having lately purchased a Negro Man for Life from George Finly of Queen Ann County and State of Maryland, called Charles aged about thirty years. . .aforesaid Negro Charles shall by good and sufficient Indenture bind himself a Servant for and during the term of seven years which term he is faithfully to serve the aforesaid Charles S. Sewell, his heirs or assigns from the date hereof. . ."
The document was signed by Sewell on November 25, 1808. Note that the manumission was required by law, as the Gradual Abolition Act of 1780 forbid the importation of slaves for life from other states.
Date of Record: November 25, 1808
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780", page 82
Enslaved Person's Name: Sylvia
Sex: Female
Age: ? (adult)
Date of Birth: ? (presumably after March 01, 1780)
Status: "Indentured servant"
Description:
Notes: Mother of James, born January 10, 1807 and registered, probably illegally, by Sewell on October 20, 1807.
Date of Record: October 20, 1807
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: James
Sex: Male
Age: Eight months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: January 10, 1807
Status: Registered as a slave to age 28
Description: "Mulatto male child"
Notes: 1807 Registration notes "son of Sylvia, his indentured servant." If Sylvia was herself the child of a slave, the registration of her son as a slave should not have been allowed, according to the law. Note that James was eight months old by the time Sewell registered him. Nearly all children of slaves were registered by six months of age, if not sooner. Perhaps Sewell was confused as to whether this child should indeed have been registered according to the law, and like many slaveholders decided to do so, even if it was contrary to the intent of the law, rather than risk possible penalties. This may explain why so many slaveholders incorrectly and illegally registered children of indentured servants as slaves.
Date of Record: October 20, 1807
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Sarah
Sex: Female
Age: Two months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: "was born sometime about the 15th or 20th day of April 1809"
Status: Registered as a slave to age 28
Description: "Female mulatto child"
Notes: 1809 Registration notes "the daughter of Zilpha, an indentured servant whose time is not yet expired and that the aforesaid Sarah is his property and liable to serve until she shall arrive to the age of 28 years."
Date of Record: June 16, 1809
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Shippen, Edward, III
City or Township: Lancaster Borough
County: Lancaster
Occupation: "Esquire," merchant (Logan and Shippen; Shippen and Lawrence), Mayor of Philadelphia 1744.
Notes: Lived 1703-1781, son of Joseph Shippen (1678–1741), grandson of Edward Shippen, first mayor of Philadelphia. Relocated from Philadelphia to Lancaster in 1752. Laid out the town of Shippensburg. His daughter Sarah married Col. .James Burd.

Enslaved Person's Name: Hannah
Sex: Female
Age: 52a ("or thereabouts")
Date of Birth: circa 1728
Status: Slave for life; manumitted upon the death of Edward Shippen, May 1781 (see notes)
Description: "Negro Woman"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies "slave for life." Manumitted per the will of Edward Shippen. In a letter to his sons, he makes extra accomodations for Hannah:
And although I have set my Negroe woman Hannah Free yet as she is now ancient and therefore not so capable to get her living as in her younger days when I ought to have set her at Liberty I desire my sons to give her something every year towards her maintenance and to let [her] take away her Bed & Bed Clothes
Shippen died in September 1781, at which time Hannah would have been about 53 years old.
Date of Record: 16 September 1780 (Registration); 04 September 1779 (letter/will)
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"; The Revolutionary City, "A Memorandum for my Children," Will of Edward Shippen, 04 September 1779, online at https://therevolutionarycity.org/.

Slaveholder Name: Shippen, Joseph, Jr.
City or Township: Lancaster Borough
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Merchant
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Cato
Sex: Male
Age: infant
Date of Birth: "born on or about September 5, 1780."
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Negro male child"
Notes: County clerk notes: "born on or about September 5, 1780." This registration was not included in the collection of slave returns in source number 67.
Date of Record: July 30, 1788
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me. . ."

Slaveholder Name: Simon, Joseph
City or Township: Lancaster Borough
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Storekeeper
Notes: Simon was a Jewish merchant in the city of Lancaster. (Clark "Lancaster County's Relation to Slavery"). He was also the father-in-law of Michael Gratz, a prominent Philadelphia merchant and brother of Barnard Gratz.
Sources: Museum of the American Revolution, "Now on View: Gratz Family Artifacts Exploring American Jewish Life in Philadelphia," November 2021, https://www.amrevmuseum.org/news/now-on-view-gratz-family-artifacts-exploring-american-jewish-life-in-philadelphia, accessed 13 June 2025.

Enslaved Person's Name: John
Sex: Male
Age: Not specified in source ("man")
Date of Birth: Not known
Status: Captured and jailed as a suspected escaped slave
Description: "Negro man"
Notes: John ran away and was apprehended in York, Pennsylvania on suspicion of being an escaped slave. The jailer placed the following advertisement in the May 22, 1776 Pennsylvania Gazette:
York Town Goal, May 12, 1776. WAS committed to my custody the following persons, viz. Joseph Boone, who has been guilty of felony, and says he is a servant to John Tremble, in Maryland. Matthew Campbell, who confessed he was a servant man to Samuel Moore, in Lancaster county; had on, when committed, a brown Menist coat. A Negroe man, named John, who is a slave to a certain Mr. Bogle, of Cumberland county, formerly belonging to Joseph Simons, of the borough of Lancaster. Also a Negroe woman, who calls herself Sally, and is suspected to be a runaway, having lost her left eye. Their masters are desired to come in three weeks from the date hereof, pay charges, and take them away, otherwise they will be discharged for their fees.
MICHAEL GRAYBILL, Goaler.
Date of Record: May 22, 1776
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette, May 22, 1776
Enslaved Person's Name: Venus
Sex: Female
Age: 41a
Date of Birth: 1739 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negroe Wench"
Notes: 1780 Registration specifies "Slave for life."
Date of Record: August 25, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Cato
Sex: Male
Age: 24a
Date of Birth: 1756 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negroe Man"
Notes: 1780 Registration specifies "Slave for life."
Date of Record: August 25, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Frank
Sex: Male
Age: 12a
Date of Birth: 1768 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Boy"
Notes: 1780 Registration specifies "Slave for life."
Date of Record: August 25, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Catharine "Kate" Tolbert
Sex: Female
Age: Exact age not specified in document. Described as a "wench" (adult woman) in 1797 and had already borne two children by that time.
Date of Birth: Not known
Status: Manumitted 1797
Description: "Negro wench"
Notes: Partial text of manumission document: "[I] do hereby manumit my negro wench Catharine the wife of negro Pleasant from slavery." Simon also manumitted Catharine's children, William and Catharine. Catharine married free Black Pleasant Tolbert in St. James Episcopal Church (Anglican) in Lancaster. The church's record of their marriage reads as follows: "June 29, 1794 -married, Pleasants Tolbert (a free Negro) and Catharine (said to be a slave to Jos. Simon)." (Wright, "Church Records")
Date of Record: July 07, 1797 (manumission document)
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: William Tolbert
Sex: Male
Age: -
Date of Birth: 1795- June (as noted in church records), or July 02, 1795, as recorded at Registration.
Status: Manumitted 1797
Description: "Negro child"
Notes: Son of Catharine and free man Pleasant Tolbert. Although his father was a free Black man, William's mother Catherine Tolbert was enslaved by Joseph Simon and William, because he was born to an enslaved mother, inherited her status. The Pennsylvania Gradual Abolition Act of 1780, however, said that William would be ensalved for 28 years, instead of for life. Simon manumitted Catherine and her two children in 1797. Partial text of manumission document: "I also release the children of the above named Catharine to wit, William & Catharine from servitude." The manumission was signed July 07, 1797.
William was baptised in St. James Episcopal Church, Lancaster. The record reads as follows: "William (negro) of Pleasants and Catharine Tolbert, age 2 months; bapt. August 30, 1795." (Wright, "Church Records")
William was registered by Simon at Lancaster on November 04, 1795. He gave his date of birth then as July 02, 1795. The registration notes "son of negro Kate, a female slave."
Date of Record: (Manumission) July 07, 1797; (Slave Registration) November 04, 1795
Sources: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780" | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Tolbert, Catharine
Sex: Female
Age: About seven months old at time of manumission.
Date of Birth: December 30, 1796
Status: Manumitted 1797
Description: (manumission document) "child;" (slave registration) "Negro female child"
Notes: Daughter of Catharine and Pleasant Tolbert. See notes for William, above. Partial text of manumission document: "I also release the children of the above named Catharine to wit, William & Catharine from servitude." The manumission was signed and dated July 07, 1797.
Registered as a slave child named "Kate, daughter of negro Kate, a female slave," on April 27, 1797.
Date of Record: July 07, 1797
Sources: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780" | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Singer, Casper
City or Township: Lancaster Borough
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Tanner
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Name not given
Sex: Male
Age: 15a
Date of Birth: 1749 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negroe Boy"
Notes: Offered for sale in 1764. Text of advertisement:
To be SOLD, on reasonable Terms, by CASPER SINGER, Tanner in Lancaster, two Doors from the Goal, A Large Quantity of the best North and South Carolina Soal Leather, and this Country Soal leather, tanned by himself. Likewise upper Leather, and Calfskins; where Shoemakers, and others, may be supplied in the best Manner.
N.B. Said Singer has to dispose of, a likely Negroe Boy, about 15 Years of Age, this Country born, who has had the Small Pox and Measles.

Date of Record: April 23, 1764
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette, April 23, 1764
Enslaved Person's Name: Anthony Sernetor
Sex: Male
Age: 28a
Date of Birth: 1749 (calculated)
Status: Indentured slave
Description: "Negroe man"
Notes: Ran away on May 21, 1771. Text of advertisement:
SIXTEEN DOLLARS Reward.
RUN away, from the subscriber, living in Lancaster, on the 21st of May last, an indented Negroe man, named Anthony Sernetor, about 28 years of age, 5 feet 7 inches high, well shapen, but pretty slim, is very talkative, speaks good English, and also reads and writes it; he is a tanner by trade; had on, when he went away, a felt hat, a brown linsey coat, with pockets in the folds, brown cloth jacket, blue and white striped trowsers, good shoes, with buckles. It is supposed he is gone to Philadelphia, as it has been observed that he has a pass about him, in order to go on board some vessel, having formerly been in the sea service for some time. Whoever takes up the said Negroe, and secures him in any goal, so that his master may have him again, shall have the above reward, paid by CASPER SINGER.
N.B. All masters of vessels are forbid to carry him off at their peril.

Date of Record: June 6, 1771
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette, June 6, 1771

Slaveholder Name: Skiles, Henry
City or Township: Salisbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Abel
Sex: Male
Age: 02
Date of Birth: 1787-April 22
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Mulatto Male Child"
Notes:
Date of Record: March 17, 1789
Source: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."

Slaveholder Name: Skiles, Henry
City or Township: Earl Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Gentleman
Notes: 1780 Slave Registrations includes the phrase "enters as possessor."

Enslaved Person's Name: Jack
Sex: Male
Age: 33
Date of Birth: 1747 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro man"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 30, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Skiles, Thomas
City or Township: Leacock Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: 1780 Slave Registrations includes the phrase "enters as possessor."

Enslaved Person's Name: Venis
Sex: Female
Age: 36
Date of Birth: 1744 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Wench"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "a slave."
Date of Record: October 30, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: York
Sex: Male
Age: 03
Date of Birth: 1777 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Child"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specified status as "a slave."
Date of Record: October 30, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Skiles, William
City or Township: Leacock Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: 1780 Slave Registrations includes the phrase "enters as possessor."

Enslaved Person's Name: Jem
Sex: Male
Age: 05
Date of Birth: 1775 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specified status as "a slave."
Date of Record: October 31, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Slaymaker, Amos, Esquire
City or Township: Salisbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Yeoman; US Congressman (US House of Representatives, 1814-1815); PA State Representative; Innkeeper (The Sign of John Adams).
Notes: Lived 1755-1837. Residence was "White Chimneys" on Route 30.

Enslaved Person's Name: Name not given in ad
Sex: Male
Age: about 18 years of age
Date of Birth: circa 1782
Status: Slave to age 28 (from date of birth)
Description: "Mulatto Boy"
Notes: Offered for sale in February, 1800. This is most likely "Sidge," who was registered by Slaymaker in 1789. Text of ad:
To be Sold, The time of a Mulatto Boy, who is about 18 years of age and has about 9 years to serve. He is very strong, healthy and active, has had the small pox, meazles &c. He has a desire to be in a forge, and would be well calculated for business of that kind, or for farming with which he is well acquainted. A good credit will be given, if required. For terms apply to Henry Slaymaker in Lancaster, or to the subscriber in Salisbury township Lancaster county. AMOS SLAYMAKER.
Feb. 8, 1800.
Date of Record:February 08, 1800
Source: Lancaster Journal
Enslaved Person's Name: Sidge
Sex: Male
Age: 7 years old
Date of Birth: 1782-March 13
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Mulatto Male Child"
Notes: 1789 Registration notes: "Son of Esther a female Slave who was Registered at Lancaster By John Toppston."
Possibly offered for sale in February, 1800. See prior listing.
Date of Record: March 17, 1789
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: Scott, Abraham
Age: Two months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: February 04, 1795
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Mulatto Male Child"
Notes: 1795 Registration notes "son of Dinah Scott," a female slave.
Date of Record: April 15, 1795
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: Scott, Lydia
Sex:Female
Age: Three months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: August 26, 1799
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Mulatto female child"
Notes: 1799 Registration notes "daughter of negro Dina Scott."
Date of Record: November 25, 1799
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: Dinah Scott, known to family as "Black Dinah"
Sex: Female
Age: Adult woman in 1796
Date of Birth: Not known
Status: To be freed in 1801.
Description: "Negro Female slave"
Notes: Mother of Abraham (born 1795) and Lydia (born 1799), above. Sold to Daniel Buckley in 1796 for 45 pounds, with the stipulation that she was to be freed after five years and four months of service.
Date of Record: 2 January 1796
Source: Bill of Sale, Insert 3, Folder 16, Box 1, MG-268. The Samuel R. Slaymaker II, White Chimneys Collection, Lancaster County Historical Society.
Enslaved Person's Name: Patty
Sex: Female
Age: Adult female in 1781
Date of Birth: Not known
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro slave"
Notes: Acquitted of the charge of arson. From a Philadelphia newspaper:
At a court of oyer and terminar, &c. held at Lancaster the 19th November 1781. before the honourable Thomas M'Kean, esquire, and his associates, &c. Negro Patty, the slave of Amos Slaymaker, was indicted tried and acquitted of burning her masters barn, and stacks of hay and grain. A bill preferred against negro Phebe, the slave of James M'cally, for the same offence, was returned by the grand jury, ignoramus.
Date of Record: 19 November 1781
Source: The Freeman's Journal and North American Intelligencer (Philadelphia), 12 December 1781.

Slaveholder Name: Slaymaker, Henry
City or Township: Salisbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Ann Harding
Sex: Female
Age: 18
Date of Birth: November 1797
Status: Slave to age 26 (to be freed November 1823)
Description:
Notes: Slaymaker was Ann's fifth owner over a span of four years, buying the young woman from George Duffield of Newport, Delaware in 1816.
Date of Record: 22 June 1816 (The original date on the indenture was 10 February 1812, marking the first sale, from Robert Kendale to Abraham Egbert, both men of New Castle, Delaware.)
Source: Slave Indenture, Insert 1, Folder 17, Box 1, MG-268. The Samuel R. Slaymaker II, White Chimneys Collection, Lancaster County Historical Society.

Slaveholder Name: Slemons, Thomas
City or Township: Salisbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Rachel
Sex: Female
Age: 40 years old at time of Registration
Date of Birth: circa 1740
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro woman"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: 21 October 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Gin
Sex: Female
Age: 6 years old at time of Registration
Date of Birth: circa 1774
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro girl"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: 21 October 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Slough, Matthias
City or Township: Lancaster Borough
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Merchant, Innkeeper
Notes: 1733-1812. Married Mary Gibson, daughter of George Gibson, 1757. Owned the White Swan Inn, Lancaster. The inn run by Slough was the scene of at least one public auction of slaves. On July 28, 1769, the property of Thomas Smith, James Wallace, and James Fulton, including "several slaves," were sold at a public sale by Sheriff James Webb (Pennsylvania Gazette, July 13, 1769)

Enslaved Person's Name: George
Sex: Male
Age: ? "Man"
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Escaped
Description: "dark coloured Mulatto Man"
Notes: Text of runaway ad:
"Ten Dollars Reward. RAN away last Monday night, from the subscriber, in the borough of Lancaster, a dark coulored Mulatto Man called George, a stout made fellow, about 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, has his wife with him, who is a Mulatto also, and is with child.--The said George was formerly the property of Thomas Boyd, of Pequea, deceased, and it is supposed he is gone into that neighborhood, near the Gap Tavern.--If he is taken up, and brought to the goal of this county, the above reward will be paid, together with reasonable expenses, by MATTHIAS SLOUGH.
August 5th, 1796."
Date of Record: August 05, 1796
Source: Lancaster Journal
Enslaved Person's Name: Betty
Sex: Female
Age: 40 years old at time of Registration
Date of Birth: circa 1740
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro woman"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life." Possible mother of Suck (Sukey), born October 10, 1781 and registered by Slough in 1789.
Date of Record: 23 October 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Grace
Sex: Female
Age: 30 years old at time of Registration
Date of Birth: circa 1750
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro woman"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: 23 October 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Phebe
Sex: Female
Age: 30 years old at time of Registration
Date of Birth: circa 1750
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro woman"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: 23 October 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: George
Sex: Male
Age: 30 years old at time of Registration
Date of Birth: circa 1750
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro man"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life." It is not known if this is the George, described as a "dark coloured mulatto man" who ran away in 1796 with his pregnant wife. (see above)
Date of Record: 23 October 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Cato
Sex: Male
Age: 30 years old at time of Registration
Date of Birth: circa 1750
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro man"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: 23 October 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Roger a.k.a. York
Sex: Male
Age: "about 18 years of age"
Date of Birth: circa 1759
Status: Slave for life; self-emancipated July 1777
Description: "Negroe fellow"
Notes: Text of escape ad:
"FIFTEEN DOLLARS REWARD. RUN away on the 17th instant (July) from the subscriber, in the Borough of Lancaster, a Negroe fellow, named YORK, or may call himself ROGER, about 18 years of age, thin visage, out mouthed, and very black; has a sore leg, occasioned by the stroke of a horse, which occasions him to walk lame; he had on, and took with him, a new home made cloth coloured coating coat, with country made white metal buttons, and a red collar to it, two striped jackets, several shirts, and tow trowsers, a good castor hat, good shoes, with steel buckles in them; he stole from one of the Hessian prisoners of war one English guinea, two Spanish milled dollars, and two Continental dollars. Whoever takes up the said fellow, and secures him, so that he and the money may be had again, shall have the above reward; or for the fellow alone, with his clothes, Ten Dollars, and if brought home reasonable charges, paid by MATTHIAS SLOUGH.
July 30, 1777."
Note the mention, in this runaway ad, of the presence of Hessian prisoners of war.
Date of Record: 30 July 1777
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette, July 30, 1777
Enslaved Person's Name: Lary
Sex: Male
Age: 20
Date of Birth: 1760 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro man"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 23, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Isaac
Sex: Male
Age: 14
Date of Birth: 1766 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life." At some point before 1796, Slough sold or transferred Issac to the Martick Ironworks, from which he escaped on June 19, 1796. See Wilder Bevins for the escape ad.
Date of Record: October 23, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Hannah
Sex: Female
Age: 10
Date of Birth: 1770 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro girl"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 23, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Frank
Sex: Male
Age: 08
Date of Birth: 1772 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 23, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: George
Sex: Male
Age: 08
Date of Birth: 1772 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life." It is not known if this is the George, described as a "dark coloured mulatto man" who ran away in 1796 with his pregnant wife.
Date of Record: October 23, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Kitty
Sex: Female
Age: 01
Date of Birth: 1779- October (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro child"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life." Actual age, as given in the 1780 Slave Registrations, was 12 months.
Date of Record: October 23, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Suck
Sex: Female
Age: 07
Date of Birth: 1781- October 10
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: 1789 Registration notes "daughter of negro Betty a slave."
Date of Record: March 10, 1789
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: Violet
Sex: Female
Age: Six months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: May 01, 1805
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: 1805 Registration notes "daughter of Susan."
Date of Record: October 30, 1805
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: Name not given
Sex: Female
Age: 27a
Date of Birth: 1734 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Wench"
Notes: Sold by Matthias Slough because she was bearing too many children. Some of the slaves registered by Slough, and listed above, may be children of this unnamed woman. Note also that she was sold apart from her child. Text of advertisement: "To be SOLD, By the Subscriber, in the Borough of Lancaster, A LIKELY Negroe Wench, fit for Town or Country Business, about 27 Years of Age. She has a likely Child, which will not be sold with her; her breeding fast being the only Reason of her being sold. MATTHIAS SLOUGH."
Date of Record: April 23, 1761
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette, April 23, 1761
Enslaved Person's Name: Name not given
Sex: Male
Age: 25a
Date of Birth: 1751 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Man"
Notes: Offered for sale by a Chester County slaveholder and exhibited at the inn of Matthias Slough in June 1767. Text of advertisement:
TO BE SOLD,
A Strong likely Negroe Man, about 25 Years of Age, has had the Small Pox, and been used to work in a Tanyard, will suit either a Tanner or Farmer; is not sold for any Fault, but I having declined the Tanning Business, have no further Use for him. Enquire of the Subscriber, living near Marcus Hook, Chester County.
N.B. The Negroe Fellow may be seen at the House of Mr. Matthias Slough, in the Borough of Lancaster, on the 14th and 15th Days of this inst. June, if not sold before. All my Stock of Soal, Upper and Saddle Leather, to be sold, and good Allowance given to those who will take a large Quantity.
Date of Record: June 6, 1765
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette, June 6, 1765
Enslaved Person's Name: Name not given
Sex: Female
Age: 16
Date of Birth: 1751 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Wench"
Notes: Sold by Matthias Slough in 1767. Text of advertisement: "TO BE SOLD, By the Subscriber, in the Borough of Lancaster, A Likely young NEGROE WENCH, about 16 Years of Age, has had the Small Pox, and is very healthy. She can do all Sorts of House and Plantation Work, and is sold for no Fault. Enquire of MATTHIAS SLOUGH."
Date of Record: December 3, 1767
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette, December 3, 1767
Enslaved Person's Name: Dinah McIntire a.k.a. "Old Dinah, the fortune teller."
Sex: Female
Age: Reported to be 113 at death
Date of Birth: circa 1706 (calculated)
Status: Freed by 1800
Description: "Colored Woman"
Notes: According to her obituary, she was born in Princess Ann County, Maryland circa 1706 and was purchased by Matthias Slough circa 1759. Census records show that by 1800 she was free. She engaged in fortune telling at Slough's White Swan Inn, and eventually owned a house at West Vine and Strawberry Streets.
Date of Record: Obituary: May 15, 1819
Source: Intelligence & Weekly Advertiser (Lancaster, PA), May 15, 1819 | "The Wealth of Years--From Slavery to Freedom: Middle Class African Americans in Lancaster County," Lancaster County Historical Society, http://www.lancasterhistory.org/collections/exhibitions/wealth/pan_afam.html, accessed June 24, 2005.

Slaveholder Name: Smith, Charles, Esquire
City or Township: Borough of Lancaster
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Attorney at Law
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Mary a.k.a Polly
Sex: Female
Age: ?
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave to the age of 28 years
Description: "Female negro servant"
Notes: Mother of Stella, born October 24, 1809 and registered at Lancaster January 10, 1810.
Date of Record: January 10, 1810
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Stella
Sex: Female
Age: Two months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: October 24, 1809
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Female negro child"
Notes: Text of the registration made by Smith for Stella: "Charles Smith Esq. of the Borough of Lancaster, Attorney at Law, returns to be recorded by the clerk of the Peace, a female negro child, named Stella who was born of his servant Mary, commonly called Polly, a female negro servant for 28 years. October 24, 1809. Stella's birthday."
Date of Record: January 10, 1810
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Smith, Elizabeth
City or Township: Little Britain Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Symbo
Sex: Female
Age: 50
Date of Birth: 1730 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro wench"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 25, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Rebeccah
Sex: Female
Age: 15
Date of Birth: 1765 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro wench"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 25, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Smith, Isaac
City or Township: Salisbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Innkeeper
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Martin, Abigail
Sex: Female
Age: ? (adult)
Date of Birth: ?
Status: "Servant for 7 years"
Description: "Negress"
Notes: Mother of George Martin, born December 16, 1814. Formerly owned by William Irwin of Chester County.
Date of Record: January 15, 1815
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Martin, George
Sex: Male
Age: One month old at Registration.
Date of Birth: December 16, 1814
Status: Slave to the age of 28 years
Description: "Negro"/"child"
Notes: Text of 1815 Registration: "Isaac Smith of Salisbury Township, Inn-keeper, returns negro George Martin, born December 16, 1814, as his servant to the age of 28 years, being the child of Abigail Martin, negress who is [his] servant for 7 years and was so at the time of the birth of said child, and was sold to the said Isaac Smith for the said 7 years by William Irwin of Chester County."
Date of Record: January 15, 1815
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Smith, John
City or Township: Bart Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Tom
Sex: Male
Age: 40
Date of Birth: 1740 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro man"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 21, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Dina
Sex: Female
Age: 11
Date of Birth: 1769 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro woman
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 21, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Smith, Margaret
City or Township: Earl Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: The slave Benn was registered by Margaret's father, William Smith, a farmer, because she was underage.

Enslaved Person's Name: Benn
Sex: Male
Age: 01
Date of Birth: 1787-December 19
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: Mulatto Boy
Notes: 1788 registration notes that Benn "belongs to my Daughter Margaret Smith which is underage and lives with me."
Date of Record: August 30, 1788
Source: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."

Slaveholder Name: Smith, Mary Amelia
City or Township: Earl Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Jean
Sex: Female
Age: 07a
Date of Birth: 1773 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro girl
Notes:
Date of Record: October 30, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Smith, Robert
City or Township: Salisbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Minister of the Gospel
Notes: Preached at Pequea, Salisbury Township, where he ran an academy. His children were Samuel, William, Ebenezer, John, Robert, Elizabeth and Sarah (Egles Notes and Queries, XXIX, p. 89).

Enslaved Person's Name: Name not given
Sex: Female
Age: 20a
Date of Birth: 1750 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negroe wench"
Notes: Offered for sale in 1770. Text of sale advertisement placed by Rev. Smith:
To be SOLD, by the SUBSCRIBER, Living in SALISBURY Township, LANCASTER County, AN able active NEGROE WENCH, about 20 Years of Age, who has had the Small Pox, and can do most Kinds of Housework. ROBERT SMITH.
Date of Record: May 24, 1770
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette, May 24, 1770
Enslaved Person's Name: Dido
Sex: Female
Age: 42a
Date of Birth: 1738 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro wench
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "a slave." Mother of Finis, born October 20, 1781 and registered by Smith at Lancaster on March 10, 1789.
Date of Record: October 18, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Tom
Sex: Male
Age: 40a
Date of Birth: 1740 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro man
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "a slave."
Date of Record: October 18, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Cato
Sex: Male
Age: 08a
Date of Birth: 1772 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro boy
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "a slave."
Date of Record: October 18, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Zama
Sex: Female
Age: 04.5a
Date of Birth: 1776- April (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro girl
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "a slave."
Date of Record: October 18, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Mira
Sex: Female
Age: 03.5a
Date of Birth: 1777- April (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro girl
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "a slave."
Date of Record: October 18, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Finis
Sex: Female
Age: 07
Date of Birth: 1781- October 20a
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: Negro girl
Notes: 1789 Registration notes "daughter of negro Dido, a female slave." Dido was registered by Smith at Lancaster in 1780.
Date of Record: March 10, 1789
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."

Slaveholder Name: Smith, Thomas, in partnership with James Wallace and James Fulton
City or Township: Martick Furnace, Martic Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Ironmasters
Notes: The furnace, lands, equipment, outbuildings and slaves were all advertised to be sold at public sale in January, 1769 (see text of sale notice below). The public sale date was extended several times, last advertised to happen on July 28, 1769. The July ad was nearly identical to the one below from 1768, mentioning "several slaves; all late the property of Thomas Smith, James Wallace, and James Fulton;"

Enslaved Person's Name: ?
Sex: Male
Age: ? (adult in 1768)
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Mulattoe man"
Notes: To be sold at public auction as part of the larger estate of Martick Furnace and Martick Forge. Text of public sale notice:
"BY virtue of a writ to me directed, will be exposed to sale, by public vendue, on the 30th day of January next, at 10 oin the morning, at Martick Furnace, in Lancaster county, the said furnace and forge together with upwards of 3400 acres of land, thereunto belonging: The improvements at both furnace and forge are very good, viz. at the FURNACE, a good dwelling house, stores, and compting house, a large coal house, with eight dwelling houses for the labourers, a good grist mill, Smithand Carpentershops, 6 good log stables, with 4 bays for hay, a number of pot patterns, and some flasks for ditto, stove moulds, &c. &c. a good mine bank, abounding with plenty of ore, so convenient, that one team can haul three loads a day, about 15 acres of good watered meadow, and as much adjoining may be made: The FORGE is about 4 miles distant, now in good order, with four fires, two hammers, and very good wooden bellows, a dwelling house, store and compting house, with six dwelling houses for the labourers, two very good coal houses, large enough to contain six months stock, three stables, Smithand Carpentershops, two acres of meadow made, and about 1500 cords of wood cut in the woods at both places; there is plenty of water at said works in the driest seasons, and they are situated in a plentiful part of the country, where they can be supplied with necessaries on the lowest terms: And to be sold the same day, a very good plantation, containing 200 acres of patent land, clear of quitrent, adjoining the lands of Benjamin Ashleman, the Widow Haiman, and others, in Conestogo township. Also two slaves, one a Mulattoe man, a good forge man, the other, a Negroe man, and three teams of horses, with waggons and gears, &c.
All late the property of Thomas Smith, James Wallace, and James Fulton; seized and taken in execution, and to be sold by
JAMES WEBB, Sheriff."
Date of Record: December 22, 1768
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette
Enslaved Person's Name: ?
Sex: Male
Age: ? (adult in 1768)
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negroe man"
Notes: Advertised for public sale on January 1769 (see notice of sale, above).
Date of Record: December 22, 1768
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette

Slaveholder Name: Smout, Elizabeth
City or Township: Lancaster Borough
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Widow
Notes: Recorded in the 1754 tax lists for the Borough of Lancaster as owning one slave.

Could this surname be a misspelling of "Smith," matching slaveowner Elizabeth Smith, who in 1780 registered slave "Symbo," born in 1730?

Enslaved Person's Name: ?
Sex: ?
Age: ?
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Ownership recorded in 1754 tax lists for the borough of Lancaster.
Date of Record: 1754
Source: Robinson, "Sidelights on Slavery"

Slaveholder Name: Spear, Robert
City or Township: Hempfield Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Yoeman/Farmer
Notes: Brother of Joseph Spear of Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Also had a brother, William, in Baltimore.

Enslaved Person's Name: George
Sex: Male
Age: 35a
Date of Birth: 1745 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro man"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 09, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Debe or Deborah
Sex: Female
Age: 29a (at time of 1780 Registration)
Date of Birth: 1751 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro"
Notes: The 1789 registration for Debe's sons Prince and David notes that she "was duly registered by me at Lancaster on the ninth Day of October, 1780." This is verified in source number 102.
Mother of Prince, a son born May 09, 1783; David, a son born May 03, 1786; Mother of Sidney, a daughter, born December 05, 1790. Mother of Juliet, born May 09, 1796. In 1793, Spear registered her daughter Fanny, born January 05, 1793. When Fanny ran away in 1810, Spear supposed she had gone to Harrisburg "as her parents live there," indicating that Debe was no longer living in Lancaster with him.
Date of Record: January 09, 1789
Source: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780
Enslaved Person's Name: James Richards
Sex: Male
Age: 26a
Date of Birth: 1754 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Mulatto man"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 09, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Rose
Sex: Female
Age: 10a (at time of 1780 Registration)
Date of Birth: 1770 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro"
Notes: Rose's daughter Esther was registered by David Cook of Donegal Township on March 28, 1789. The registration notes that "Negroe Rose" was registered by Robert Spear at Lancaster. This is verified in source number 102, which shows that Spear registered 10 year-old Rose on October 09, 1780. In 1793, Cook registered Rose's daughter Juliet, born 12 April, 1793, and on August 12, 1795 Cook registered Rose's daughter Phillis, born March 12 or 13, 1795.
Date of Record: March 28, 1789
Source: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780
Enslaved Person's Name: Philas
Sex: Female
Age: 07a
Date of Birth: 1773 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Mulatto girl"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 09, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Charity
Sex: Female
Age: 05a
Date of Birth: 1775 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Mulatto girl"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 09, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Adah
Sex: Female
Age: 03a
Date of Birth: 1777 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro girl"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 09, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Sidney
Sex: Female
Age: 01a
Date of Birth: 1779 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro girl"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 09, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Prince
Sex: Male
Age: 05
Date of Birth: 1783-May 09
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro Male Child"
Notes: Prince's mother, Debe, was a slave owned by Robert Spear and was registered at Lancaster on 09 October, 1780.
Date of Record: January 09, 1789
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: David
Sex: Male
Age: 02
Date of Birth: 1786-May 03
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Mulatto Male Child"
Notes: David's mother, Debe, was a slave owned by Robert Spear and was registered at Lancaster on 09 October, 1780.
Date of Record: January 09, 1789
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: Sidney
Sex: Female
Age: 5 months old at Registration
Date of Birth: December 05, 1790
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro female Child"
Notes: 1791 Registration notes "daughter of negro Debe a female slave."
Date of Record: May 04, 1791
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: Fanny
Sex: Female
Age: Five months old at Registration
Date of Birth: 1793-January 05
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: 1793 Registration notes "Daughter of Deborah, registered by me at Lancaster." (See "Debe") In 1810 Fanny ran away, according to the following ad:
8 DOLLARS REWARD. RAN away from the subscriber, on the 20th ult. a negro girl, named Fanny, about 17 years of age, had on a calico gown of red and white and a Litiz bonnet. It is supposed she has gone to Harrisburg as her parents live there. Any person delivering her to the subscriber, shall receive the above reward and all reasonable charges. ROBERT SPEAR.
Big Chickques, Sept. 1, 1810.
Date of Record: May 29, 1793
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | Lancaster Journal, September 01, 1810 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: Juliet
Sex: Female
Age: Two months old at Registration
Date of Birth: May 09, 1796
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro female Child"
Notes: 1796 Registration notes "daughter of negro Deborah," a female slave.
Date of Record: July 25, 1796
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: George
Sex: Male
Age: About three months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: March 25, 1812
Status: Slave to age 18
Description: "Male Child"
Notes: 1812 Registration text: "Robert Spear, Esq., of Hempfield Twp., returns a male child, named george, son of Juliana, a female negro servant, for the term of 18 years. Born March 25, 1812."
Date of Record: June 16, 1812
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."

Slaveholder Name: Sproat, James
City or Township: "Columbia, in Hempfield Township"
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Carter
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Dinah
Sex: Female
Age: Five months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: March 24, 1804
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: 1804 Registration notes "daughter of negro Dinah."
Date of Record: September 17, 1804
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Steele, Elizabeth, nee Bailey
City or Township: Drumore Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Widow
Notes: Eldest daughter of Robert Bailey. Elizabeth Steele gained possession of two slaves, Hailey and Hannah, through the bequest of her husband, William Steele, in 1822.

Enslaved Person's Name: Hailey (Mahella Haydon? see notes)
Sex: Female
Age: ? ("girl")
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Black girl"
Notes: Hailey was bequeathed by William Steele to his wife, Elizabeth, in 1821. Partial text of will: "I likewise give her my two black girls, named Hailey & Hannah to be at her disposal during the time they respectivley have lawful to serve."
The will was signed by Steele on September 03, 1821 and proven on June 22, 1822.
This is possibly the slave Mahella Haydon, mother of William Haydon, born on March 08, 1823 and registered by John James Steele on September 06, 1823.
Date of Record: September 03, 1821
Source: Last Will and Testament of William Steele, 1822, Drumore Township, Lancaster County
Enslaved Person's Name: Hannah
Sex: Female
Age: ? ("girl")
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Black girl"
Notes: Hannah was bequeathed by William Steele to his wife, Elizabeth, in 1821. Partial text of will: "I likewise give her my two black girls, named Hailey & Hannah to be at her disposal during the time they respectivley have lawful to serve."
The will was signed by Steele on September 03, 1821 and proven on June 22, 1822.
Date of Record: September 03, 1821
Source: Last Will and Testament of William Steele, 1822, Drumore Township, Lancaster County

Slaveholder Name: Steele, John
City or Township: Drumore Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: See also "Steele, John James," below.

Enslaved Person's Name: Cambridge
Sex: Male
Age: 21a
Date of Birth: 1781 (calculated)
Status: Runaway
Description: "negro man"
Notes: Text of runaway ad:
Thirty Dollars Reward. RAN away on Sunday the 30th of May last, from the subscriber in Drumore township, Lancaster county, Pennsylvania; a negro man named Cambridge, about 21 years of age 5 feet eight inches hisgh; not very black; has thick lips, and is very talkative. Had on and took with him, a gray broad-cloth coat, nankeen jacket and overalls, a fur hat almost new, a swansdown jacket, and a case of razors. He is a light active fellow, well acquainted with farming business, and fond of driving a wagon. It is supposed he is in the neighborhood of Darby, or the city of Philadelphia.
Whoever secures said negro in any jail, so that his master can get him again, shall have the above reward; and reasonable expences, if brought to JOHN STEELE.
June 12.
Date of Record: June 12, 1802
Source: Lancaster Journal

Slaveholder Name: Steele, John James
City or Township: Drumore Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Tanner
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: William Haydon
Sex: Male
Age: About six months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: March 08, 1823
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Mulatto male child"
Notes: Text of the 1823 Registration of William Haydon: "John James Steele of Drumore Township, tanner, returns a mulatto male child named William Haydon, the son of Mahella Haydon, a servant to Elizabeth Steele, widow, until he arrives to the age of 28 years, said child was born March 8, 1823."
Date of Record: September 06, 1823
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Steele, William
City or Township: Drumore Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Tanner
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Maria
Sex: Female
Age: 07
Date of Birth: 1781-December 25
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro Female Child"
Notes: 1789 Registration notes that Maria's mother was "reg. by Patrick Ewing, Esq. (whose property she was) at Lancaster as a Slave." The county clerk noted "daughter of negro _______ [name unreadable], a negro slave."
Date of Record: March 30, 1789
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Steele, William Jr.
City or Township: Drumore Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Peet
Sex: Male
Age: 18
Date of Birth: 1762 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro man
Notes:
Date of Record: October 12, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Steele, William Sr.
City or Township: Drumore Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer, Justice of the Peace, Common Pleas Court Judge
Notes: Husband of Elizabeth Steele (Bailey). Father of William Washington Steele, Lydia Bailey, Rachel Ankrim, Margaret Boyd, Eliza Boyd, Harriet Long, Abbiann Maxwell & John James Steele. Brother of John Steele.

Enslaved Person's Name: Hannah
Sex: Female
Age: ? ("girl")
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Black girl"
Notes: Hannah was bequeathed by William Steele to his wife, Elizabeth, in 1821. Partial text of will: "I likewise give her my two black girls, named Hailey & Hannah to be at her disposal during the time they respectivley have lawful to serve."
The will was signed by Steele on September 03, 1821 and proven on June 22, 1822.
Date of Record: September 03, 1821
Source: Last Will and Testament of William Steele, 1822, Drumore Township, Lancaster County
Enslaved Person's Name: Hailey
Sex: Female
Age: ? ("girl")
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Black girl"
Notes: Hailey was bequeathed by William Steele to his wife, Elizabeth, in 1821. Partial text of will: "I likewise give her my two black girls, named Hailey & Hannah to be at her disposal during the time they respectivley have lawful to serve."
The will was signed by Steele on September 03, 1821 and proven on June 22, 1822.
Date of Record: September 03, 1821
Source: Last Will and Testament of William Steele, 1822, Drumore Township, Lancaster County
Enslaved Person's Name: Ned
Sex: Male
Age: 27
Date of Birth: 1753 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Mulatto man"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 12, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Steman, Tobias
City or Township: Conestoga Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: John
Sex: Male
Age: 36
Date of Birth: 1764 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the 1800 Septennial Census.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800

Slaveholder Name: Sterett, James
City or Township: Rapho Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Slave Name: Cudjo (see notes)
Sex: Male
Age: Not stated, by described as a "man."
Date of Birth: Described as a "man" in 1761.
Status: Runaway
Description: "Negroe man"
Notes: Ran away in 1761, after two previous unsuccessful attempts. Text of runaway advertisement:
RUN away from the Subscriber, in Lancaster county, Rapho Township, A Negroe Man, almost 6 Feet high, has a Scar above his left Eye, and another on his left Arm, under his shirt; Had on when he went away, a striped Jacket, and a blue Waistcoat, tied with green Strings. He is a likely cunning Fellow, and is very black, talks good English, and has been taken up twice, and made his Escape. Whoever takes up said Negroe, and secures him so that his Master may have him again, shall have Thirty Shillings Reward, and reasonable Charges, paid by
JAMES STARETT.
Sterret placed the following advertisement on November 3, 1763. Cudjo either ran away again, or Sterett never caught him the first time and was placing another ad:
RUN away from the Subscriber, living in Rapho Township, Lancaster County, a very dark Negroe, named Cudjo, has a Scar near his Left Eye, and on the Left Wrist: Had on when he went away, a blue Waistcoat, and two Jackets, one of striped Linsey, the other thick Cloth, of a Winestone Colour, red Cloth Breeches, Thread Stockings, and Shoes, one of which fastened with a thong, the other with a Buckle. Whoever takes up and secures said Negroe, so that his Master may have him again, shall have Twenty Shillings Reward, and reasonable Charges, paid by JAMES STERETT.
N.B. The said Fellow hath a good Countenance, but is very roguish and cunning.
Date of Record: July 2, 16, 1761, November 3, 1763
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette, 16 July 1761, 3 November 1763

Slaveholder Name: Sterrett, David
City or Township: Sadsbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Miller
Notes: Brother of James Sterrett, with whom he owned several hundred acres on Octarora Creek in Sadsbury Township. They operated two gristmills a half mile apart. The property was known in the 1850's as Mercer's Mills. (Editor's note: This area is just south of Christiana, Pennsylvania.)

Enslaved Person's Name: Ruth
Sex: Female
Age: Five months old at Registration
Date of Birth: "Born on or about July 10, 1792."
Status: Slave to the age of 28 years.
Description: "Mulatto female child"
Notes: 1792 Registration (county clerk's notation) notes "daughter of mulatto Jean, a female slave."
Date of Record: December 04, 1792
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Rachel
Sex: Female
Age: Six months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: January 09, 1795
Status: Slave to the age of 28 years.
Description: "Mulatto female child"
Notes: 1795 Registration (county clerk's notation) notes "daughter of mulatto Jane, a female slave."
Date of Record: June 06, 1795
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Stoner, Frederick
City or Township:
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: Tried and found guilty in the court of Oyer and Terminar of killing "Mulattoe George." (see below)

Enslaved Person's Name: "Mulattoe George"
Sex: Male
Age: Not known
Date of Birth: Not known, but prior to 1766
Status: "Servant;" killed by his owner
Description: "Servant"
Notes: Murdered in or about 1766 by Frederick Stoner. The newspaper notice about the trial of Frederick Stoner reads as follows: "At a Court of Oyer and Terminer, held at Lancaster the Sixth Instant, Frederick Stoner was tried for the Murder of his Servant, Mulattoe George, when he was found guilty of Manslaughter, and burnt in the Hand."
Date of Record: February 20, 1766
Source: Accessible Archives, Pennsylvania Gazette, February 20, 1766, Item #37452

Slaveholder Name: Stout, David
City or Township: Lancaster Borough
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: Recorded in the 1754 tax lists for the Borough of Lancaster as owning one slave.

Enslaved Person's Name: ?
Sex: ?
Age: ?
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Ownership recorded in 1754 tax lists for the borough of Lancaster.
Date of Record: 1754
Source: Robinson, "Sidelights on Slavery"

Slaveholder Name: Strickler, Jacob
City or Township: Hempfield Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer, Miller
Notes: Husband of Sarah Strickler.

Enslaved Person's Name: Clary
Sex: Female
Age: Three months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: January 13, 1808
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Female mulatto child"
Notes: 1808 Registration notes "daughter of negro Peg," a female slave. Strickler's wife Sarah later registered a slave child named Sabina as the daughter of "her negro woman Peggy, her servant till she arrives at the age of 28 years."
Date of Record: April 20, 1808
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Strickler, Sarah
City or Township: Hempfield Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Widow
Notes: Widow of Jacob Strickler.

Enslaved Person's Name: Peggy
Sex: Female
Age: ? (adult)
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Negro woman"
Notes: Mother of Clary, born January 13, 1808 and registered by Jacob Strickler on April 20 of that year; also mother of Sabina, born March 06, 1815 and registered by Sarah Strickler as the widow of Jacob Strickler.
Date of Record: July 22, 1815
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Sabina
Sex: Female
Age: Four months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: March 06, 1815
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Negro child"
Notes: Text of 1815 Registration: "Sarah Strickler, widow of Jacob Strickler of Hempfield Township, miller, deceased, returns a negro child named Sabina, daughter of her negro woman Peggy, her servant till she arrives at the age of 28 years, said child was born March 6, 1815."
Date of Record: July 22, 1815
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Stubbs, Vincent
City or Township: Little Britain Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: Husband of Priscilla.

Enslaved Person's Name: ???
Sex: Female
Age: 30
Date of Birth: 1770 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the Septennial Census of 1800. This may be the mother of Dinah and Prudence, Jane Kirk.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800
Enslaved Person's Name: Dinah Kirk
Sex: Female
Age: Infant at time of Registration
Date of Birth: 1799--February 27
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro child"
Notes: 1799 Registration notes "daughter of negro Jane." Dinah Kirk died October 10, 1887. Her obituary gave her age as 89 years. It also listed her mother as Jane Kirk, a slave, and noted that Dinah remained with the Stubbs family through three generations.
Text of obituary:

'KIRK on the 30th of the tenth month, 1887 at the residence of Ellwood M. STUBBS Drumore township, Lancaster county, Dinah KIRK,in the 89th year of her age. she was of one of that remnant of the colored race doomed to service until they attained the age of 28 years. Her mother Jane Kirk, having been born a slave and so remained until 1790, when the law of Pennsylvania providing for the general emancipation of slavery was enacted. The subject of this notice was born at the residence of Vincent and Pricilla Stubbs, little Britain township, now Fulton township, and for three generations has resided in the Stubbs family. for several years past she has been feeble, unable to do much; nevertheless she was kindly cared for until her end. Her remains were interred at Friends burying ground, Penn Hill.'
Date of Record: (Registration) April 24, 1799
Sources: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me " | Obituary, from a clipping book, circa 1887. Unknown newspaper.
Enslaved Person's Name: Prudence
Sex: Female
Age: Infant at time of Registration
Date of Birth: 1796--August 06
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: 1796 Registration notes "daughter of negro Jane," a female slave. In the obituary for Dinah Kirk, a sister to Prudence, their mother Jane's surname is given as Kirk. This surname may have been used by Prudence as well.
Date of Record: August 31, 1796
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Stump, Frederick
City or Township: Columbia
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Ferry operator
Notes: Frederick Stump died in October 1802 at age 52, shortly after placing the runaway ad for Cesar Rodney. His obituary notes "he left a widow and 6 small children." (Lancaster Journal, 23 October 1802)

Enslaved Person's Name: Cesar Rodney
Sex: Male
Age: "about 22 years of age"
Date of Birth: 1780 (calculated)
Status: Self-emancipated
Description: "negro man"
Notes: Rodney escaped from Stump on June 12, 1802 in company with a woman. Text of escape ad placed by Stump in a Lancaster newspaper:
Ten Dollars Reward. Ran away from the subscriber (living at Columbia.) ON Saturday, the 12th instant, a negro man, called CESAR RODNEY, about 22 years of age, near 6 feet high, stout and well-limbed, and has large feet. Had on a checquered gingam coat, nankeen pantaloons, and fine hat.
It is supposed he is in company with a negro wench, and is gone towards Philadelphia, having been raised by Mr. Wirtz, of that city.
Whoever secures said negro, so that the owner may get him again, shall receive the above reward and reasonabl charges. FREDERICK STUMP.
June 26.
Date of Record: June 26, 1802 (this ad was published through September 22, 1802.
Source: Lancaster Journal

Slaveholder Name: Tamer, Elizabeth
City or Township:
County: York
Occupation: Spinster
Notes: Tamer registered her slave "by John Boyd her attorney of Drumore twp. . ." Her reason for registering in Lancaster County is not stated.

Enslaved Person's Name: Sue
Sex: Female
Age: 14
Date of Birth: 1766 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro girl"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 26, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Tate, Adam
City or Township: Rapho
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Hannah
Sex: Female
Age: 45a
Date of Birth: 1739 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negroe Wench"
Notes: Ran away on May 29, 1784. Text of runaway advertisement:
THIRTY SHILLINGS Reward.
RUN away from the subscriber, living in Rapho township, Lancaster county, on the 29th of May last, a Negroe WENCH, about 45 years of age, middle sized, has some white on her head, understands house work well; had on, when she went away, a callicoe short gown and petticoat, and a black silk bonnet; her name is Hannah. Whoever takes up said wench, and secures her, so that her master may have her again, shall have the above reward, and reasonable charges, paid by
ADAM TATE.
Date of Record: June 16, 1784
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette, June 16, 1784, Accessible Archives #70266

Slaveholder Name: Tate, Joseph, Reverend
City or Township: Donegal
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Minister at Donegal
Notes: Lived 1715-1778. Became Minister at Donegal in 1748. That same year he married Margaret Boyd, daughter of Adam Boyd of Octarora. Joseph Tate died October 11, 1778, aged 63. (Source: Rev. Joseph Tate, Clan Boyd Society, International)

Enslaved Person's Name: Joe Lane
Sex: Male
Age: 20a
Date of Birth: 1740 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Mulatto Slave," "Mulattoe Fellow"
Notes: Raised in Philadelphia. Ran away on September 1, 1760 and believed to be attempting to return to that city. Text of runaway advertisement:
RUN away, on the First of this instant September, from the REVEREND JOSEPH TATE, Minister of, and living in Donegall, Lancaster County, A Mulatto Slave, named Joe Lane, about 20 Years of Age, born in New Castle, and brought up in Philadelphia from 8 Years old; he is pretty fair, his Wool black, and much curled, has a Nose like a Negroe, Pock pitted, hollow eyed, and heavy browed. He is a Slave for Life: he speaks good English, but with a sour and ill natured Accent. Had on when he went off, A dull coloured Fly Coat, with Hair Buttons, and lined with white Flannel, new Tow Trowsers, blue grey Yarn Stockings, good Shoes, and a Felt Hat; he carried with him two white Shirts, one coarse, and the other finer. He has been seen riding a grey Horse towards, Philadelphia. Whoever takes up and secures said Mulatto, so as his Master may have him again, shall have Forty Shillings Reward, and all reasonable Charges, paid by Mr. John McMichael, Merchant in Philadelphia, or by me the said JOSEPH TATE.
N.B. The Publick is forbid to harbour the said Mulatto at their Peril: And all Masters of Vessels are warned not to carry him off, as they would avoid Prosecution.
Joe Lane ran away again in 1766, and the following ad was placed to recover him:
RUN away in the Night, between the 17th and 18th of this instant, August, from the Subscriber, living in Donnegall, Lancaster County, a stout Mulattoe Fellow, named Joe Lane, about 25 Years of Age, pitted with the Small pox, Negroe featured, though pretty white; had on, when he went away, a Coat of home made Country Cloth, and a Jacket of home made thickened Linsey, both Ash or white coloured, a Pair of coarse Tow Trowsers, an old Pair of striped Linen Ditto, two new Shirts of nine Hundred Linen, an old Felt Hat, his Head foxed, and hair neatly turned up before. Whoever takes up said Mulattoe, and secures him in any Goal so as his Master may have him again, or brings him home, shall have Forty Shillings Reward, and Charges paid by the Reverend JOSEPH TEAT.
Dates of Record: September 04 1760; August 28, 1766
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette, September 4, 1760, Accessible Archives #25276 and August 28, 1766, #38651

Slaveholder Name: Taylor, James
City or Township: Sadsbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Barrack
Sex: Male
Age: 50
Date of Birth: 1730 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Man"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 06, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Hannah
Sex: Female
Age: 30
Date of Birth: 1750 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Woman"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 06, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Bobb
Sex: Male
Age: 30
Date of Birth: 1750 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Man"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 06, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Peter
Sex: Male
Age: 04
Date of Birth: 1776 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 06, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Nell
Sex: Female
Age: 08
Date of Birth: 1781--March 03
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro female"
Notes:
Date of Record: March 12, 1789
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: Isaac
Sex: Male
Age: 04
Date of Birth: 1785--February
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Male"
Notes:
Date of Record: March 12, 1789
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: George
Sex: Male
Age: 02
Date of Birth: 1787--April
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Male"
Notes:
Date of Record: March 12, 1789
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."

Slaveholder Name: Taylor, Mary
City or Township: Sadsbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Dinah
Sex: Female
Age: 06
Date of Birth: 1774 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro wench"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 31, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Thompson, Ann
City or Township: Caernarvon Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: "Single woman"
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Sampson
Sex: Male
Age: Two months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: July 22, 1802
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Negro male child"
Notes: 1802 Registration notes "son of negro Lemon." Sampson's mother was probably the 19 year old slave named Lemon, registered on October 30, 1780 by James Thompson of Earl Township.
Date of Record: September 29, 1802
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Thompson, George
City or Township: Salisbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Phillis
Sex: Female
Age: Six months old at registration
Date of Birth: January 02, 1795
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Mullato female child"
Notes: 1795 Registration notes "daughter of Negro Dinah," a female slave.
Date of Record: July 04, 1795
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Thompson, James
City or Township: Earl Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Lemon
Sex: Female
Age: 19
Date of Birth: 1761 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro wench"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "a slave." Possibly the mother of Sampson, born July 22, 1802 and registered by Ann Thompson, "single woman," of Caernarvon Township.
Date of Record: October 30, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Thompson, James, Administrator for Estate of Col. Robert Thompson
City or Township: Bart Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: Thompson registered the slave "Tom" as administrator of the "Estate of Colonel Robert Thompson & Mary his wife," of Bart Township. Colonel Robert Thompson originally lived in Sadsbury Township (Egles Notes and Queries, XXIX, p. 89).

Enslaved Person's Name: Tom
Sex: Male
Age: 25 (at Registration)
Date of Birth: 1755 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro man"
Notes: The description of this man in the 1780 Slave Registrations also includes the notation "a farmer." He was registered by the administrator of the estate as "property of the Heirs of the said Robert Thompson and Mary his wife." Tom escaped from Robert Thompson on February 5, 1778. Robert Thompson published the following ad to recover him:
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD. RAN AWAY in the night of the 5th instant, (February) from the subscriber, living in Bart Township, Lancaster County, a Negro man named TOM, about twenty two years old, five feet five or six inches high, well made; had on a half worn snuff coloured coat, blue jacket, cloth coloured breeches, light blue stockings, good shoes, and an old felt hat. He took with him a three year old COLT, past last June, fourteen and a half hands high, trots and canters well, of a black colour, no brand nor natural mark. Whoever takes up and secures said Negro and Horse, so that the owner may have them again, shall have the above reward and reasonable charges, or FIFTEEN DOLLARS for either, paid by ROBERT THOMPSON.
Thompson apparently did recover him, as Tom was registered by Robert Thompson's estate administrators after his death.
Date of Record: October 12, 1780 (Registration)
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"; The Pennsylvania Packet (Philadelphia), 11 February 1778.

Slaveholder Name: Thompson, Mary H.
City or Township: Colerain Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Eliza
Sex: Female
Age: ? (adult in 1831)
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Negro"/"Servant"
Notes: Mother of Saul, born August 05, 1830.
Date of Record: February 04, 1831
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Saul
Sex: Male
Age: Six months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: August 05, 1830
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Male mulatto child"
Notes: Text of the 1831 Registration of Saul: "Mary H. Thompson of Colerain Township, returns Saul, a male mulatto child of negro Eliza, servant of the said Mary H. Thompson until she arrives to the age of 28 years, said child was born August 5, 1830."
Date of Record: February 04, 1831
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Thompson, Nathan
City or Township: Sadsbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Hannah
Sex: Female
Age: 60
Date of Birth: 1740 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the Septennial Census of 1800.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800

Slaveholder Name: Toppston, John
City or Township:
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Esther
Sex: Female
Age: ?
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: 1789 Registration for Esther's son Sidge, a slave of Amos Slaymaker of Salisbury Township notes that Esther was "Registered at Lancaster By John Toppston."
Date of Record: March 17, 1789
Source: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780

Slaveholder Name: Tidball, Jane
City or Township: Hempfield Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: County clerk notes "wife of Joseph Tidball--of Hempfield Twp. Merchant."

Enslaved Person's Name: George
Sex: Male
Age: 04 years
Date of Birth: November 01, 1784 ("about")
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes: 1789 Registration notes "son of Negro Hannah born on or about November 1, 1784."
Date of Record: March 24, 1789
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me. . ."

Slaveholder Name: Torbit, Jean
City or Township: Leacock Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Widow
Notes: Widow of John Torbit. Inherited title to a slave girl upon her husband's death in 1762.

Enslaved Person's Name: ?
Sex: ?
Age: ? "girl"
Date of Birth: ? Pre-1762
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negroe girl"
Notes: Mentioned in will of John Torbit, 1762. Source notes that this is recorded in Lancaster County will book C, page 91. Excerpt: "John Torbit, of Leacock township, leaves his wife Jean, 'the use of my negroe girl during her life,' and after his wife's death to his son, John. August 21, 1762"
Date of Record: August 21, 1762
b>Source: Robinson, "Sidelights on Slavery"

Slaveholder Name: Torbit, John
City or Township: Leacock Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: Died 1762. His will leaves a slave girl to his wife Jean, and upon Jean's death, the girl's ownership is to pass to Torbit's son, John.

Enslaved Person's Name: ?
Sex: Female
Age: ? "girl"
Date of Birth: ? Pre-1762
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negroe girl
Notes: Mentioned in will of John Torbit, 1762. Source notes that this is recorded in Lancaster County will book C, page 91. Excerpt: "John Torbit, of Leacock township, leaves his wife Jean, 'the use of my negroe girl during her life,' and after his wife's death to his son, John.
August 21, 1762"
Date of Record: August 21, 1762
Source: Robinson, "Sidelights on Slavery"

Slaveholder Name: Tweed, James
City or Township: Sadsbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: "Taylor"
Notes: Husband of Alice Tweed.

Enslaved Person's Name: Sieb or Sib
Sex: Female
Age: 33
Date of Birth: 1767 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: Negro girl (1780)
Notes: Enumerated in the Septennial Census of 1800. Registered in Lancaster on October 27, 1780, as a 12 year-old "Negro girl, a slave during life." Sib's daughter Dinah, born August 01, 1787, was registered by Alice Tweed, wife of James, at Lancaster on March 25, 1789.
Date of Records: (Registration) 1780; (Census) 1800; (Registration of daughter Dinah) 1789
Sources: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800 | "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780" | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me. . ."
Enslaved Person's Name: Dinah
Sex: Female
Age: 2 years old at Registration
Date of Birth: "born on or about August 1 1787"
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Mulatto female child"
Notes: According to Registration, the "daughter of negro Scibb, a female slave." Sib was registered by James Tweed in Lancaster on October 27, 1780, as a 12 year-old "Negro girl, a slave during life."
Date of Record: March 25, 1789
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me. . ."
Enslaved Person's Name: Isaac
Sex: Male
Age: Six months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: August 11, 1794
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Mulatto male child"
Notes:
Date of Records: February 09, 1795
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me. . ."

Slaveholder Name: Vance, Joseph
City or Township: Donegal Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Phillis
Sex: Female
Age: ? (adult)
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave to age 24
Description: "Negress servant woman"
Notes: Mother of Tom, born June 22, 1815, and Peter, born January 26, 1818.
Date of Record: December 20, 1815
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Tom
Sex: Male
Age: Six months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: June 22, 1815
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes: Text of 1815 Registration: "Joseph Vance of Donegal Township, farmer, returns a negro boy named Tom, son of negress Phillis, his servant woman, till she arrives at the age of 24 years, said child was born June 22, 1815."
Date of Record: December 20, 1815
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Elizabeth
Sex: Female
Age: ? (adult)
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave to age 24
Description: "Black woman"
Notes: Mother of Fanny, born March 31, 1816.
Date of Record: September 24, 1816
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Fanny
Sex: Female
Age: About six months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: March 31, 1816
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Female mulatto child"
Notes: Text of 1816 Registration: "Joseph Vance of Donegal Township, farmer, [returns] a female mulatto child named Fanny, daughter of a black woman whose name is recorded Elizabeth his servant till she arrives at the age of 24 years, said child was born March 31, 1816."
Date of Record: September 24, 1816
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Peter
Sex: Male
Age: About six months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: January 26, 1818
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Negro male child"
Notes: Text of 1818 Registration: "Joseph Vance of Donegal Township, returns Peter, a negro male child the son of Phillis, liable to serve his master until the age of 28 years, said Peter was born January 26, 1818."
Date of Record: June 19, 1818
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Vanleer, Isaac W.
City or Township: Strasburg Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Ironmaster
Notes: In the 1814 Registration of the slave child Charlotte, and thereafter, Vanleer's residence is identified as Donegal Township.

Enslaved Person's Name: Venus
Sex: Female
Age: ? (adult)
Date of Birth: ? (after March 01, 1780)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro woman"
Notes: Mother of Mealey, born August 19, 1804, Kate, born February 05, 1808, Charlotte, born March 16, 1814, and Rachel, born December 10, 1815. Ownership of Venus is established in the text of the registration for Charlotte, recorded July 23, 1814. It notes about Charlotte "daughter of his negro woman Venus, a servant for life."
Date of Record: July 23, 1814
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Mealey
Sex: Female
Age: Three months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: August 19, 1804
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: 1804 Registration notes "daughter of negro Venus."
Date of Record: November 25, 1804
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Kate
Sex: Female
Age: Four months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: February 05, 1808
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: 1808 Registration notes "daughter of negro Venus," a female slave.
Date of Record: June 06, 1808
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Charlotte
Sex: Female
Age: Four months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: March 16, 1814
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: Text of 1814 Registration: "Isaac W. Vanlear of Donegal Twp., Ironmaster, returns a negro female child named Charlotte, born March 16, 1814. Daughter of his negro woman Venus, a servant for life."
Date of Record: July 23, 1814
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Rachel
Sex: Female
Age: One month old at Registration.
Date of Birth: December 10, 1815
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: Text of 1816 Registration: "Isaac W. Vanleer of Donegal Township, Iron-master, returns a negro female child named Rachel, daughter of negress Venus, his slave during life, said child was born December 10, 1815."
Date of Record: January 10, 1816
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Vogan, James
City or Township: Earl Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Cudge
Sex: Male
Age: 12
Date of Birth: 1768 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 28, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Vogan, William
City or Township: Sadsbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Cambridge
Sex: Male
Age: 55
Date of Birth: 1725 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 31, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Rose
Sex: Female
Age: 25
Date of Birth: 1755 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 31, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Lucy
Sex: Female
Age: 10
Date of Birth: 1770 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 31, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Venus
Sex: Female
Age: 08
Date of Birth: 1772 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 31, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Hester
Sex: Female
Age: 04
Date of Birth: 1776 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 31, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Ann
Sex: Female
Age: 02
Date of Birth: 1778 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 31, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Cambridge
Sex: Male
Age: 01
Date of Birth: 1779 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 31, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: VonKennen, Baltzer
City or Township: Leacock Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: James
Sex: Male
Age: "about 20 years of age"
Date of Birth: circa 1748
Status: Slave for life, escaped
Description: "Negroe fellow"
Notes: James escaped from VonKennen on August 23rd, 1768. Text of advertisement placed by VonKennen:
THREE POUNDS Reward.
RUN away from the subscriber, living in Leacock township, in Lancaster county, on the 23d of August last, a Negroe fellow, named James, about 20 years of age, 5 feet 5 or 6 inches high; he has a round smooth face, speaks very little English or Dutch; Had on, when he went away, a whitish linsey coat, with striped lining, new leather breeches, light blue stockings, and new shoes, with yellow buckles. Whoever takes up the said Negroe, and brings him to the subscriber, shall have the above reward of THREE POUNDS, paid by me.
BALTZER VONKENNEN.
Date of Record: September 8, 1768
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette, September 8, 1768

Slaveholder Name: Walker, James
City or Township: Little Britain Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Newport
Sex: Male
Age: 25
Date of Birth: 1755 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro man"
Notes: 1780 Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 14, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Walker, Joseph
City or Township: Sadsbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes: On August 02, 1780, Walker registered Dill, Pegg, and Dinah, in Lancaster. ("Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780")

Enslaved Person's Name: Dill
Sex: Female
Age: 43
Date of Birth: 1757 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro female"
Notes: Enumerated in the Septennial Census of 1800. Dill was originally registered as a slave on August 02, 1780 by Walker. He gave her age at registration as 25 years, making her year of birth 1755.
Date of Record: (Registration) 1780; (Census) 1800
Sources: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800 | "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Pegg
Sex: Female
Age: 05
Date of Birth: 1775 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro female"
Notes: Original 1780 registration specifies "Slave for life."
Date of Record: August 02, 1780.
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Dinah
Sex: Female
Age: 10 months
Date of Birth: 1779- October (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: 1780 Registration specifies "Slave for life."
Date of Record: August 02, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Wallace, James, in partnership with Thomas Smith and James Fulton. See "Smith, Thomas."
City or Township: Martick Furnace
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Ironmasters
Notes:

Slaveholder Name: Wallace, James
City or Township: Earl Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Sal
Sex: Female
Age: 25a
Date of Birth: 1755 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro woman"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 25, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Hannah
Sex: Female
Age: 04
Date of Birth: 1776 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro girl"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 25, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Bine
Sex: Female
Age: 01
Date of Birth: 1779 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro girl"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 25, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Wallace, Robert
City or Township: Earl Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Yeoman/Shopkeeper
Notes: Wallace's occupation is listed as shopkeeper in 1780, yeoman in 1788.

Enslaved Person's Name: Venus
Sex: Female
Age: 32
Date of Birth: 1748 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro woman"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 30, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Jean
Sex: Female
Age: 04
Date of Birth: 1776 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Mulatto girl"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 30, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Kasper
Sex: Male
Age: 0.5
Date of Birth: 1780- April (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Mulatto child"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 30, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Ned
Sex: Male
Age: 04.5a
Date of Birth: 1784-March (calculated)
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro Boy"
Notes: 1788 Registration gives age as "about 4 years, 8 months."
Date of Record: November 05, 1788
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: Peter
Sex: Male
Age: 02.5a
Date of Birth: 1786-March (calculated)
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro Boy"
Notes: 1788 Registration gives age as "about 2 years, 8 months."
Date of Record: November 05, 1788
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: Abbe
Sex: Female
Age: .5a
Date of Birth: 1788-July (calculated)
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro Girl"
Notes: 1788 Registration gives age as "about 4 months."
Date of Record: November 05, 1788
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."

Slaveholder Name: Wallace, Robert
City or Township: Drumore Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: ???
Sex: Male
Age: 60
Date of Birth: 1740 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the Septennial Census of 1800.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800

Slaveholder Name: Wallace, William
City or Township: Leacock Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Pegg
Sex: Female
Age: Six months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: "born on or about June 24 or 25, 1800"
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: 1800 Registration notes "daughter of Sall," a female slave.
Date of Record: December 18, 1800
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Walters, John
City or Township: Pequea
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: Walters is accused of fraudulently selling a slave girl to George Aston for 64 Pounds (see text of advertisement, below).

Enslaved Person's Name: ???
Sex: Female
Age: ? (girl)
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negroe Girl"
Notes: Text of advertisement:
WHEREAS one John Walters, of Pequea, in Lancaster county, near, or on part of the estate which formerly belonged to Daniel Cookson, deceased, has some months ago, fraudulently obtained of the subscriber, in the sale of a Negroe Girl, an obligation for Sixty Four Pounds, conditioned for the payment of Thirty two Pounds on the 27th of November next; these are therefore to give notice to all persons that an assignment of the said bond cannot be valid or good in law for the above reason; and that I will not discharge any part thereof.
GEORGE ASTON.
Date of Record: October 16, 1755
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette

Slaveholder Name: Watson, David
City or Township: Leacock Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Esquire
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Flora
Sex: Female
Age: 40
Date of Birth: 1740 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro woman"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 10, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Ben
Sex: Male
Age: 12
Date of Birth: 1768 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 10, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Isaac
Sex: Male
Age: 08
Date of Birth: 1772 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life." This could be the slave enumerated in the 1800 Septennial Census for Watson.
Date of Record: October 10, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: ???
Sex: Male
Age: 28
Date of Birth: 1772 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the 1800 Septennial Census.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800
Enslaved Person's Name: Nance
Sex: Female
Age: 06
Date of Birth: 1774 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro girl"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 10, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Sal
Sex: Female
Age: 04
Date of Birth: 1776 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro girl"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 10, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Joe
Sex: Male
Age: 02
Date of Birth: 1778 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 10, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Till
Sex: Female
Age: 9 months
Date of Birth: 1780- January (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro girl"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 10, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Solomon
Sex: Male
Age: 06
Date of Birth: 1782- December
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro male child"
Notes:
Date of Record: March 05, 1789
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: Names not given
Sex: A slave family, husband, wife and child.
Slave Ages: Man, about 30 years old; the woman, about 23, and the child about 8 months old.
Date of Birth: varies
Status: Slaves for life
Description: "Negroe"
Notes: Watson advertised, in conjunction with Samuel Lefever, for the return of several persons who had run away in September 1770. Which slaves belonged to which person is not stated :
FIVE POUNDS Reward.
RUN away the 13th of this instant September, from the subscribers, living in Leacock township, Lancaster county, a Negroe man and woman; the man is about 30 years old, 5 feet 4 inches high, speaks good English, has long hair; had on an old hat, his other clothes uncertain; --- the woman who went with him, has with her a young female child, about 8 months old (a good mark to know them by) she is about 23 years old, middling size, had good clothes, two long gowns, one striped cotton, the other calicoe, two short gowns, and new low heeled shoes. Also a white servant man named Adam Jacobs, who run away the 13th of June, .Whoever secures them, so that their owner may get them again, shall receive the above reward, of Forty Shillings for the white man, Thirty for the Negroe man, and the same for the woman and child, paid by SAMUEL LEFEVER, or DAVID WATSON.
Date of Record: September 27, 1770
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette, September 27, 1770

Slaveholder Name: Watson, John
City or Township: Donegal Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: "Practitioner of Physick" (Source 119)
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: ???
Sex: Female
Age: 28
Date of Birth: 1772 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the Septennial Census of 1800.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800
Enslaved Person's Name: Briton
Sex: Male
Age: Two months old at Registration
Date of Birth: October 21, 1792
Status: Slave to the age of 28 years
Description: "Male child"
Notes: 1792 Registration (county clerk's notation)--"son of negro Addah, a female slave."
Date of Record: December 17, 1792
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Phillis
Sex: Female
Age: Infant at time of registration.
Date of Birth: April 17, 1798
Status: Slave to the age of 28 years
Description: "Mulatto female child"
Notes: 1798 Registration (county clerk's notation)--"daughter of negro Fann," a female slave.
Date of Record: May 04, 1798
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Welsh, John
City or Township: Lancaster City
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Innkeeper
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Brown, Nancy
Slave Gender: Female
Age: ? (adult)
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Not Determined
Description: "Servant"
Notes: Mother of Ellen, born May 02, 1818. The father of Ellen is also mentioned in the Registration as "negro James." Another Nancy Brown is mentioned in the slave registers, the mother of Ageline Brown, born in December 1815 and registered as the property of Daniel Lefevre of Strasburg Township. It is not known if these two are the same person.
Date of Record: July 09, 1818
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: James
Slave Gender: Male
Age: ? (adult)
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Not Determined
Description: "Negro"
Notes: A servant to John Welsh, and the father of Ellen, born May 02, 1818, the mother being Nancy Brown, listed above.
Date of Record: July 09, 1818
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Ellen (Surname may be Brown, the same as her mother)
Slave Gender: Female
Age: Two months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: May 02, 1818
Status: Slave to the age of 28 years.
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: Text of the 1818 Registration of Ellen: "John Welsh of Lancaster City, returns Ellen a negro female child, daughter of negro James and Nancy Brown, born May 2, 1818, the said Ellen is liable to serve him until the age of 28 years, the said James and Nancy are also his servants."
Date of Record: July 09, 1818
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Maria
Slave Gender: Female
Age: ? (adult--under age 28)
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave to the age of 28 years.
Description: "Negress"/"Servant"
Notes: Mother of Caroline, born August 11, 1818
Date of Record: December 21, 1818
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Caroline
Slave Gender: Female
Age: Four months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: August 11, 1818
Status: Slave to the age of 28 years.
Description: "Mulatto child"
Notes: Text of the 1818 Registration of Caroline: "John Welsh of Lancaster City, Inn-keeper, returns Caroline a mulatto child, daughter of negress Maria, his servant, who is liable to serve until she arrives to the age of 28 years, said Caroline was born August 11, 1818."
Date of Record: December 21, 1818
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Wentz, Christopher
City or Township: Lancaster Borough
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Innkeeper
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Alice Peters
Slave Gender: Female
Age: ? (adult)
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Not Determined
Description: "Negro woman"
Notes: Mother of William Hanacker, "born about the middle of August, 1813."
Date of Record: November 27, 1813
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: William Hanacker
Slave Gender: Male
Age: About three months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: "Born about the middle of August, 1813."
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Mulatto male child"
Notes: Text of 1813 Registration: "Christopher Wentz, of Lancaster Bor., innkeeper, returns a mulatto male child, named William Hanacker, son of his negro woman Alice Peters. Born about the middle of August, 1813, liable to serve till she arrives at the age of 25 years."
Date of Record: November 27, 1813
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: White, Alexander
City or Township: Strasburg Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Bill
Sex: Male
Age: 09a
Date of Birth: 1771 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 28, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Whitehill, Elizabeth
City or Township:
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Widow of James Whitehill.
Notes: The child of her servant, Betsy Richardson, was registered by James F. Whitehill.

Enslaved Person's Name: Betsy Richardson
Sex: Female
Age: ? (adult)
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Not determined
Description: "Servant"
Notes: Mother of Albert, born July 16, 1822 and registered by James F. Whitehill on January 15, 1823.
Date of Record: January 15, 1823
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me. . ."

Slaveholder Name: Whitehill, James F.
City or Township: Strasburg Borough
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Merchant, Judge, U.S. Congressman
Notes: Whitehill also used indentured Irish servants. One, Nancy McGraw or McGrath, ran away in February, 1800. Son of John Whitehill. Lived 1762-1822.

Enslaved Person's Name: Mira or Maria
Sex: Female
Age: ? (adult--under age 28)
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negress"
Notes: Mother of Henry, born December 25, 1816.
Date of Record: January 22, 1817
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me. . ."
Enslaved Person's Name: Henry
Sex: Male
Age: About one month old at registration.
Date of Birth: December 25, 1816
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro male child"
Notes: 1817 Registration reads: "James Whitehill of Strasburg Borough, merchant, returns a negro male child named Henry, son of negress Mira or Maria my servant till she arrives at the age of 28 years, said child was born December 25, 1816."
The enslavement of children of women who themselves were term slaves was illegal, as decided by the Pennsylvania Supreme Court in 1826. (Miller v. Dwilling, 14 Serg. & Rawle 442 [Pa. 1826]).
Date of Record: January 22, 1817
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me. . ."
Enslaved Person's Name: Albert
Sex: Male
Age: About six months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: July 16, 1822
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Mulatto child"
Notes: Text of the 1823 Registration of Albert: "James F. Whitehill of Strasburg Borough, merchant, returns Albert a mulatto child, son of Betsy Richardson, a servant to Elizabeth Whitehill, said child was born July 16, 1822."
Date of Record: January 15, 1823
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me. . ."

Slaveholder Name: Whitehill, John
City or Township: Donegal Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes: Husband of Mary Middleton. The 1805 registration of the slave child Boston lists Whitehill as "Esquire." Whitehill died December 10, 1806, aged 53 years (Egle's Notes and Queries, Annual Volume 1900, XXXII, p. 172). Revolutionary War veteran. Lived 1753-1806.

Enslaved Person's Name: Prince
Sex: Male
Age: One year old at registration.
Date of Birth: 1787-May 29
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro Male Child"
Notes: 1789 Registration notes: "son of Negroe Hannah--entered & reg. by John Middleton at Lancaster as a Slave."
Date of Record: March 27, 1789
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me. . ."
Enslaved Person's Name: Susanna or Sooky
Sex: Female
Age: One month old at registration.
Date of Birth: "was born about March 13, 1797"
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "female child"
Notes: 1797 Registration reads: "John Whitehill returns a female child which seems to be called Susanna or Sooky by her and by the family in general, the daughter of negro Hannah, a female slave[,] was born about March 13, 1797." See the note for the slave Prince, above, for more information regarding Susanna's mother, Hannah.
Date of Record: April 28, 1797
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me. . ."
Enslaved Person's Name: Boston
Sex: Male
Age: Five months old at registration.
Date of Birth: January 14, 1805
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Mulatto male child"
Notes: 1805 Registration notes "son of negro Barbara a female servant."
Date of Record: June 18, 1805
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me. . ."

Slaveholder Name: Whitehill, John
City or Township: Salisbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer (Source 102); Judge; Lawyer; US Congressman (US House of Representatives, 1803-1807)
Notes: Note: the 1794 Registration of slave child Mirah lists Whitehill as "Esquire." Lived 1729-1815. Brother of Robert Whitehill of Cumberland County. Father of George Whitehill, merchant of Harrisburg.

Enslaved Person's Name: Rose
Sex: Female
Age: 60
Date of Birth: 1720 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Woman"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "Slave for life."
Date of Record: October 03, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Daniel
Sex: Male
Age: 30
Date of Birth: 1750 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Man"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "Slave for life."
Date of Record: October 03, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: ???
Sex: Female
Age: 31
Date of Birth: 1769 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the 1800 Septennial Census.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800
Enslaved Person's Name: ???
Sex: Male
Age: 26
Date of Birth: 1774 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the 1800 Septennial Census.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800
Enslaved Person's Name: Chance
Sex: Male
Age: "22 years of age"
Date of Birth: circa 1775
Status: Slave for life; self-emancipated August 1797
Description: "Negro Man"
Notes: John Whitehill obtained Chance from Caleb Davis of Chester County. Chance escaped from Whitehill on August 19, 1797, per the escape notice below:
Sixteen Dollars Reward.
RAN AWAY from the SUBSCRIBER, on Saturday evening, the 19th inst. a NEGRO MAN, named CHANCE, (but may change his name), 22 years of age, about 5 feet 10 or 11 inches high; he is smooth faced and coarse featured, short bodied and full breasted; had on a tow shirt and trowsers, a pair of new shoes tied with strings, a short dimity jacket, and an old deep crowned white wool hat. He is remarkably fond of strong drink, and generally takes a day or two to sleep off a drunken fit. He was formerly owned by Caleb Davis, Esq. of Chester county.--
Whoever secures the said negro, so that I may get him again, shall receive the above reward, and all reasonable charges if brought home.
JOHN WHITEHILL,
Lancaster County.
N.B. All persons are warned not to harbour him, and masters of vessels not to carry him off.
August 23.
The escape notice for Chance does not specify a location for John Whitehill in Lancaster County. There is another John Whitehill living in Donegal Township and it could be his ad. This John Whitehill, as a prominent jurist, was more well known at the time and may have felt it unnecessary to list his home township.
Date of Record: 23 August 1797
Source: Aurora General Advertiser (Philadelphia), 31 August 1797.
Enslaved Person's Name: Mirah
Sex: Female
Age: Infant at time of Registration.
Date of Birth: March 20, 1793
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: 1794 Registration notes "daughter of negro Dinah," a female slave. By 1810, 16-year-old Mira was enslaved in Harrisburg with merchant George Whitehill, a son of John Whitehill. Mira escaped from George Whitehill in September 1810, but he recaptured her. Ten years later, at age 26, Mirah was enslaved by school teacher W. T. Hamilton in Harrisburg, from whom she escaped in 1820.
Date of Record: May 16, 1794
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Jacob
Sex: Male
Age: Two months old at time of Registration.
Date of Birth: March 24, 1798
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Male child"
Notes: 1798 Registration notes "son of negro Dinah," a female slave.
Date of Record: May 31, 1798
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Betty
Sex: Female
Age: Infant at time of Registration.
Date of Birth: January 03, 1800
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Female negro child"
Notes: 1800 Registration notes "daughter of a certain negro slave named Dinah, duly registered."
Date of Record: February 27, 1800
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: George
Sex: Male
Age: Two months old at time of Registration.
Date of Birth: September 01, 1805
Status: Slave to age 28
Description:
Notes: 1805 Registration notes, of George and Abby, who share the same birth date, "son & daughter of negro Dinah." Abby is apparently George's twin sister.
Date of Record: October 30, 1805
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Abby
Sex: Female
Age: Two months old at time of Registration.
Date of Birth: September 01, 1805
Status: Slave to age 28
Description:
Notes: 1805 Registration notes, of George and Abby, who share the same birth date, "son & daughter of negro Dinah." Abby is apparently George's twin sister.
Date of Record: October 30, 1805
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Whitehill, John Jr.
City or Township: Salisbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Jack
Sex: Male
Age: 60a
Date of Birth: 1720 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro man"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 28, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Peter
Sex: Male
Age: 07a
Date of Birth: 1773 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 28, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Whitehill, Mary
City or Township: Donegal Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Widow
Notes: Widow of John Whitehill of Donegal Township.

Enslaved Person's Name: Barbara
Sex: Female
Age: Almost 23 years old when Lydia was registered (calculated)
Date of Birth: January 29, 1786
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Female negro servant"
Notes: Registered in 1789 by Ann Middleton of Donegal Township as the daughter of "Negroe Jean" who was entered and registered by John Middleton at Lancaster as a slave. Mother of Lydia, born December 02, 1808 and registered as the child of a slave on January 26, 1809 by Mary Whitehill of Donegal Township. Mother also of Susanna, born January 29, 1811. At some point around the birth of Susanna, Ann Middleton transferred either ownership or possession of Barbara to Whitehill.
Date of Record: (Her daughter Lydia's Registration) January 26, 1809
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Lydia
Sex: Female
Age: One month old at registration.
Date of Birth: December 02, 1808
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Female child"
Notes: 1809 Registration notes "daughter of negress Barbara, a female servant." Barbara (see entry above) was a servant to Ann Middleton until about 1811, when Middleton transferred her to Whitehill. Note that the enslavement of Lydia by Whitehill was illegal, since the child of a bound woman who was herself born after March 1, 1780 and bound for 28 years, in this case her mother Barbara, cannot be considered a bound servant.
Date of Record: January 26, 1809
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Susanna
Sex: Female
Age: Four months old at registration.
Date of Birth: January 29, 1811
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Female negro child"
Notes: 1811 Registration notes "Mary Whitehill, of Donegal Twp., widow, returns Susanna, a female negro child, a daughter of Barbara, a female negro servant, for the term of 28 years, (to Ann Middleton, but now in the service of the said Mary Whitehill). Born January 29,1811."
Date of Record: June 05, 1811
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Whitelock, Isaac
City or Township: Lancaster Borough
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Will
Sex: Male
Age: 25a
Date of Birth: 1725 (calculated)
Status: Runaway
Description: "Negroe man"
Notes: Ran away with a white indentured servant named William Mearns. Whitelock placed a runaway ad for both men in the Pennsylvania Gazette. Text of runaway ad:
THREE POUNDS Reward.
Run away this day, from Isaac Whitelock, of the borough of Lancaster, an English servant man, named William Mearns; and a Negroe man, named Will, the white servant is a tall slender man, and stoops pretty much in his shoulders. The Negroe is a lusty well set fellow, about 25 years old: Had on a light colour'd cloth coat, with a cape to it, a pair of tow trowsers, and a tow shirt, a pair of old shoes, a felt hat, and an iron collar about his neck. Whoever takes up one shall have half of the reward, and if both the whole as above, paid by me
ISAAC WHITELOCK.
N.B. All masters of vessels are forbid to take them off, at their peril.
Date of Record: August 16, 1750
Source: Pennsylvania Gazette, August 16, 1750

Slaveholder Name: Whiteside, John
City or Township:
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Cato
Sex: Male
Age: 18 or 19a
Date of Birth: 1784 (calculated)
Status: Runaway
Description: "mulatto lad"
Notes: Text of runaway ad:
Twenty Dollars Reward. Ran away last evening a mulatto lad named Cato (but which he may change at pleasure) about 18 or 19 years old, 5 feet 10 inches high, well made, his features regular and handsome, his countenance pleasant, generally assuming a smile when spoken to; speaks English. Had on a pair of olive coloured tow trowsers light coloured waistcoat, brown cloth coat and a half worn fur hat. However, his clothes he may change, as he took others along with him.
It is supposed he went to Philadelphia. The above reward will be paid to any person who secures him in any jail so that his master may get him again, together with all reasonable charges if brought home to his master in Lancaster. JOHN WHITESIDE.
August 27.
Date of Record: August 27, 1803
Source: Lancaster Journal

Slaveholder Name: Williams, Lilly
City or Township: Sadsbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Spinster
Notes: 1780 Slave Registrations were "by her Attorney Robert Williams of the same place."

Enslaved Person's Name: Rany
Sex: Female
Age: 08a
Date of Birth: 1772 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro wench"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 30, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Williams, Robert
City or Township: Sadsbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes: Williams also made the slave registrations for Lilly Williams and Robert Williams, Sr.

Enslaved Person's Name: Venus
Sex: Female
Age: 20
Date of Birth: 1760 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 30, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Williams, Robert Sr.
City or Township: Sadsbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes: 1780 Slave Registrations were "by his Attorney Robert Williams of the same twp."

Enslaved Person's Name: Hannah
Sex: Female
Age: 45a
Date of Birth: 1735 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 30, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Jacob
Sex: Male
Age: 10a
Date of Birth: 1770 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 30, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Williamson, Margaret
City or Township: Little Britain Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Widow
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Rachel
Sex: Female
Age: Infant at time of Registration.
Date of Birth: November 16, 1793
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: 1794 Registration notes "daughter of negro Lilla," a female slave.
Date of Record: April 12, 1794
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Willson, Samuel
City or Township: Donegal Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Parthena
Sex: Female
Age: 18
Date of Birth: 1762 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro woman"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave during life."
Date of Record: October 31, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Wilson, James
City or Township:
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: Wilson registered as either "Jr." or "Dr.", but it is difficult to decipher the handwriting. His 1780 Slave Registration notes he was a resident of Maryland, but is "now [a] resident in Lancaster County."

Enslaved Person's Name: Dinah
Sex: Female
Age: 18
Date of Birth: 1762 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro wench"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 31, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Wilson, Samuel
City or Township: Bart Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes: See also, "Samuel Willson," above.

Enslaved Person's Name: Isaac
Sex: Male
Age: Five months old at Registration
Date of Birth: December 01, 1791
Status: Slave to the age of 28 years
Description: "Mulatto child"
Notes: 1791 Slave Registration notes "son of negro Diana a female slave."
Date of Record: May 30, 1792
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Jacob
Sex: Male
Age: Four months old at Registration
Date of Birth: April 06, 1796
Status: Slave to the age of 28 years
Description: "Mulatto child"
Notes: 1796 Registration notes "son of negro Dine."
Date of Record: August 09, 1796
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Wirtz, Christian
City or Township: Lancaster Borough
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Merchant
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Dan
Sex: Male
Age: 24a
Date of Birth: 1755 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro man"
Notes: Ran away on June 20, 1779. Text of advertisement placed by Wirtz for his capture:
Lancaster, July 3, 1779
One Hundred and Fifty Dollars Reward. RUN away from the subscriber on the evening of the 20th June last, a Negroe man named DAN, about 24 years of age, 5 feet 4 or 5 inches high, much pitted with the smallpox; his dress when he went off is uncertain, as he took sundry clothes with him, amongst which are, 2 coats , a light saggathy and brown with yellow buttons, two jackets light blue and brown, a pair of new buckskin breeches, several pair of old striped and 2 pair of tow trowsers, 3 good shirts and a round hat. Said negroe is fond of playing the fiddle, and has a good deal of money with him which he acquired that way; no doubt he will be particular in changing his dress, and endeavour to pass as a freeman. Whoever takes up and secures said slave in any goal, so that his master may have him again, shall receive the above Reward, and if delivered to me in Lancaster, Two Hundred Dollars, together with reasonable charges, paid by
CHRISTIAN WIRTZ.
N.B. A white man is in company with said Negro, for which there is a reward offered.
The original ad, run on June 21, offered one hundered dollars as a reward. Wirtz increased that to $150 in July, and on August 14, not having yet captured Dan, Wirtz increased the reward again to $300 and added a few more details in an updated ad (partial text):
". . .Said negroe is fond of playing the fiddle, is naturally left handed, and what is very remarkable, he bows with his left hand when performing on the violin; he can work a little at the saddler trade, is a shrewd cunning fellow, and will if possible procure a pass, probably change his name, and endeavour to pass as a freeman. . ."
The ads ran through October 6. In his last few ads, Wirtz added a few additional details, noting "Said Negro is this country born, and talks the English and German languages."
Date of Record: July 14, August 18, 1779
Source: The Pennsylvania Gazette, July 14, August 18, October 6, 1779
Enslaved Person's Name: Lettus
Sex: Female
Age: 24
Date of Birth: circa 1756
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Wench"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies "slave for life."
Date of Record: 28 September 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Caesar
Sex: Male
Age: 4 years old at Registration
Date of Birth: circa 1776
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies "slave for life."
Date of Record: 29 September 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Bill
Sex: Male
Age: Two and-a-half years old at Registration
Date of Birth: circa March 1778
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Mulatto Boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies "slave for life."
Date of Record: 29 September 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Wistbay, William
City or Township: Lancaster Borough
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Merchant
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Nan
Sex: Female
Age: about 17 years old
Date of Birth: circa 1763
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro woman"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "a slave."
Date of Record: 26 October 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Wither, George
City or Township: Strasburg Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes: See also "Withers, George", below

Enslaved Person's Name: Peg
Sex: Female
Age: 25
Date of Birth: circa 1775
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the 1800 Septennial Census.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800

Slaveholder Name: Wither, John
City or Township: Strasburg Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Din
Sex: Female
Age: 35
Date of Birth: 1765 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the 1800 Septennial Census.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800

Slaveholder Name: Wither, Michael
City or Township: Strasburg Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation:
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: James
Sex: Male
Age: 60
Date of Birth: 1740 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the 1800 Septennial Census.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800
Enslaved Person's Name: Phillis
Sex: Female
Age: 58
Date of Birth: 1742 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the 1800 Septennial Census.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800

Slaveholder Name Withers, George
City or Township Drumore Township
Occupation Ironmaster
Notes In the 1823 Registration of the slave child Charles, the residence of Withers is given as Strasburg Borough, and his occupation is listed as yeoman. See also "Wither, George," above.

Enslaved Person's Name Jane
Age: ? (adult in 1810)
Sex: Female
Date of Birth ?
Description: "Female negro servant"
Status: Slave to age 28
Notes: Mother of Bob, born September 11, 1810, Temperance, a daughter, born May 16, 1815 and Mira, born May 25, 1818. In the registration of Temperence, Withers described Jane as "his mulatto woman," which differs from the other descriptions of her as a "negro servant" or "negress."
Date of First Record: October 23, 1810
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name Bob
Age: About one month old at Registration.
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: September 11, 1810
Description: "Mulatto male child"
Slave Status Slave to age 28
Notes: 1810 Registration notes "George Withers of Drumore Twp., Ironmaster, returns Bob, a mulatto male child, son of Jane a female negro servant of the said George, and who is liable to serve until she arrives at the age of 28 years. Said Bob was born September 11, 1810, and liable to serve until he arrives at the age of 28 years."
Date of Record October 23, 1810
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Slave Name Temperence
Age: About two months old at Registration.
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: May 16, 1815
Description: "Mulatto female child"
Slave Status Slave to age 28
Notes: Text of 1815 Registration: "George Withers of Drumore Township, Iron-master, returns a mulatto female child named Temperence, daughter of his mulatto woman Jane, his servant till she arrives at the age of 28 years, said child was born May 16, 1815."
Date of Record August 02, 1815
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name Mira
Age: Two months old at Registration.
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: May 25, 1818
Description: "Female child"
Slave Status Slave to age 28
Notes: Text of the 1818 Registration of Mira: "George Withers of Drumore Township, Ironmaster, returns Mira a female child a daughter of negress Jane a female servant of the said George, who is liable to serve until she arrives to the age of 28 years, said Mira was born May 25, 1818, and is liable to serve until she arrives at the age of 28 years."
Date of Record July 25, 1818
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name Venus
Age: ? (adult in 1821--under age 28)
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: ?
Description: "Negress"/"Servant"
Slave Status Slave to age 28
Notes: Mother of Charlotte, born August 31, 1820, and Charles, born January 31, 1823.
Date of Record February 09, 1821
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name Charlotte
Age: Five months old at Registration.
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: August 31, 1820
Description: No description given in Registration.
Slave Status Slave to age 28
Notes: Text of 1821 Registration of Charlotte: "George Withers of Drumore Township, Iron-Master, returns Charlotte, a daughter of negress Venus, a servant to the said George Withers until she arrives to the age of 28 years. Born August 31, 1820."
Date of Record February 09, 1821
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name Charles
Age: Six months old at Registration.
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: January 31, 1823
Description: "Negro child"
Slave Status Slave to age 28
Notes: Text of the 1823 Registration of Charles: "George Withers of Strasburg Borough, yeoman, returns a negro child named Charles, a son of negress Venus, a servant to the said George Withers until he arrives to the age of 28 years, said child was born January 31, 1823."
Date of Record July 26, 1823
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Withers, John
City or Township: Sadsbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Ironmaster
Notes: In the 1811 Registration of the slave child Sampson, Withers' residence was listed as Bart Township.

Enslaved Person's Name: Dorcas
Sex: Female
Age: ? (adult)
Date of Birth: ?
Status: "servant, liable to serve till she arrive at the age of 28 years"
Description: "Negress"
Notes: Mother of Peet, born April 25, 1809, and Sampson, born March 01, 1811.
Date of Record: August 29, 1809
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Peet
Sex: Male
Age: Four months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: "born about April 25, 1809"
Status: "Liable to serve till he arrives at the age of 28 years"
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes: 1809 Registration notes "the son of negress Dorcas his servant, liable to serve until she arrive at the age of 28 years. Said child, his property liable to serve till he arrives at the age of 28 years."
Date of Record: August 29, 1809
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Sampson
Sex: Male
Age: One week old at Registration.
Date of Birth: March 01, 1811
Status: Slave to the age of 28 years
Description: "Male negro child"
Notes: 1811 Registration notes "John Withers of Bart Twp., Ironmaster, a male negro child named Sampsons [sic], son of Dorcas, a female negro servant for the term of 28 years, of the said John Withers. Said child his property was born March 1, 1811 and is liable to serve the said John Withers until he the said child shall arrive at the age of 28 years."
Date of Record: March 08, 1811
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Witmer, Daniel
City or Township: Lampeter Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: "Innkeeper and merchant"
Notes: Husband of Ann.

Enslaved Person's Name: Deborah
Sex: Female
Age: ? (adult)
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Slave for a term of years.
Description: "Servant girl"/"Negress"
Notes: Mother of Jane Lewis, born June 02, 1816, and Mary King, born January 01, 1818. The Registration of Jane notes that Deborah "was bound by Indenture to Jacob Witmer October 13, 1814, to serve him[,] his heirs, executors, administrators and assigns, for the term of 7 years thence next ensuing in consideration of his having procured her emancipation from slavery in Cecil County Maryland, and the said Jacob Witmer by an assignment on said Indenture on October 31, 1814, transferred the residue of the time of service of said negress Deborah to said Daniel Witmer."
Date of Record: July 05, 1816
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Lewis, Jane
Sex: Female
Age: One month old at Registration.
Date of Birth: June 02, 1816
Status: Slave to the age of 28.
Description: "Female mulatto child"
Notes: Text of 1816 Registration: "Daniel Witmer of Lampeter Twp., Innkeeper and Merchant returns a female mulatto child named Jane Lewis, daughter of his servant girl named Deborah, who was bound by Indenture to Jacob Witmer October 13, 1814, to serve him his heirs, executors, administrators and assigns, for the term of 7 years thence next ensuing in consideration of his having procured her emancipation from slavery in Cecil County Maryland, and the said Jacob Witmer by an assignment on said Indenture on October 31, 1814, transferred the residue of the time of service of said negress Deborah to said Daniel Witmer, said child was born June 2, 1816."
Date of Record: July 05, 1816
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: King, Mary
Sex: Female
Age: Six months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: January 01, 1818
Status: Slave to the age of 28.
Description: "Dark mulatto female child"
Notes: Text of the 1818 Registration of Mary King: "Daniel Witmer by his wife Ann of Lampeter Township, Innkeeper and Merchant, returns Mary King a dark mulatto female child the daughter of negress Deb and liable to serve her said master until she arrives at the age of 28 years. Born January 1, 1818."
Date of Record: June 27, 1818
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Witmer, David
City or Township: Strasburg Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Innkeeper
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Ann
Sex: Female
Age: Five months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: December 25, 1817
Status: Slave to the age of 28 years.
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: Text of 1818 Registration: "David Witmer of Strasburg Township, Innkeeper, returns a negro female child named Ann, the daughter of negress Hetty; born December 25, 1817, and liable to serve till the age of 28 years."
Date of Record: May 26, 1818
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Woods, Adam
City or Township: Leacock Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: David
Sex: Male
Age: 17
Date of Birth: 1763 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies status as "slave for life."
Date of Record: October 31, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Hannah
Sex: Female
Age: Twenty days old at time of Registration
Date of Birth: April 14, 1791
Status: Slave to the age of 28 years
Description: "Mulatto female child"
Notes: 1791 Registration notes "daughter of negro Nell," a female slave."
Date of Record: May 04, 1791
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Woods, Samuel
City or Township: Donegal Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Pegg
Sex: Female
Age: 31a
Date of Birth: 1749 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro wench"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 18, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Nell
Sex: Female
Age: 12a
Date of Birth: 1768 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro wench"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 18, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Jude
Sex: Female
Age: 08a
Date of Birth: 1772 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro girl"
Notes:
Date of Record: October 18, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Work, Andrew
City or Township: Bart Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes: Work was enumerated as owning one slave in the Federal census of 1800 for Bart Township. (Source: 1800 Federal Census, Bart Township, Lancaster County)

Enslaved Person's Name: Cloe
Sex: Female
Age: 11
Date of Birth: 1769 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Mulatto Girl"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies "slave for life."
Date of Record: September 26, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Moses
Sex: Male
Age: 10
Date of Birth: 1770 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies "slave for life."
Date of Record: September 26, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Work, James
City or Township: Donegal Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer (Source 102)
Notes: Husband of Jane Work.

Enslaved Person's Name: Bill
Sex: Male
Age: 20
Date of Birth: 1760 (calculated)
Status: "Servant to the age of 31 years."
Description: "Mulatto Man"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies this person as a "servant to the age of 31 years."
Date of Record: September 21, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Name not included in source document
Sex: Female
Age: 30
Date of Birth: 1770 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the Septennial Census of 1800.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800
Enslaved Person's Name: Simon
Sex: Male
Age: 02
Date of Birth: 1778 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies "slave for life."
Date of Record: September 21, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Sampson
Sex: Male
Age: Infant at time of Registration.
Date of Birth: June 18, 1797
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Negro male child"
Notes: 1797 Registration notes "son of Alice," a female slave. Actual registration was made by Jane Work, wife of James.
Date of Record: December 04, 1797
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Saul
Sex: Male
Age: Six months old at time of Registration.
Date of Birth: March 18, 1799
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Negro male child"
Notes: 1799 Registration notes "son of negro Alice." Actual registration was performed by Jane Work for James Work.
Date of Record: September 20, 1799
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Work, Joseph
City or Township: Donegal Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer/Sheriff
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Loney
Sex: Male
Age: 35
Date of Birth: 1745 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Man"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies "slave for life."
Date of Record: September 21, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Bet
Sex: Female
Age: 28
Date of Birth: 1752 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Woman"
Notes: The 1789 Registration of Bett's children Lydia and Frank notes that the mother was registered by Joseph Work at Lancaster. This is verified in source 102. 1780 Slave Registration specifies "slave for life."
Date of Record: September 21, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Lydia
Sex: Female
Age: 07
Date of Birth: 1781-September 15
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro Female Child"
Notes: 1789 Registration lists Lydia's mother as Bett.
Date of Record: March 31, 1789
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Frank
Sex: Male
Age: 03
Date of Birth: 1785-April 25
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro Male Child"
Notes: 1789 Registration lists Frank's mother as Bett.
Date of Record: March 31, 1789
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Charity
Sex: Female
Age: infant
Date of Birth: 1789-November 02
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: Negro or Mulatto Female Child (The County clerk recorded Charity as "Negro female child")
Notes: 1790 Registration notes: "child of Alice--registered as law directs."
Date of Record: May 01, 1790
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Lydia
Sex: Female
Age: Six months old at Registration
Date of Birth: 1791-December 01
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Mulatto Female Child"
Notes: 1792 Registration of Lydia notes "Mother Sall."
Date of Record: June 20, 1792
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: Sophia
Sex: Female
Age: Six months old at Registration
Date of Birth: 1791-December 24
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Mulatto Female Child"
Notes: 1792 Registration of Sophia notes "Mother Alice."
Date of Record: June 20, 1792
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: Cassy
Sex: Female
Age: About six months old at Registration
Date of Birth: "Born on or about May 5, 1794."
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Mulatto Female Child"
Notes: 1794 Registration of Cassy notes "daughter of negro Sall, a female slave."
Date of Record: November 01, 1794
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."

Slaveholder Name: Work, Widow
City or Township: Donegal Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Widow
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Name not provided in census document
Sex: Female
Age: 28
Date of Birth: 1772 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the Septennial Census of 1800.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800

Slaveholder Name: Wright, William
City or Township: Manor Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Yeoman Farmer
Notes: William Wright divided his large estate equally among all of his sons except for John, to whom he left only 29 pounds and the slave Daphine. In his will he stipulated that if John should make any demands against the estate, the bequest was null and void, Daphine would be sold with the remainder of the estate, and John would be paid only five shillings. This begs the questions of why John was shortchanged in the will, and more importantly for this website, why the slave Daphine was given as part of the deal.

It appears that John Wright accepted the terms, as the subsequent notice of the sale of the remainder of William Wright's property does not mention an enslaved person: "To be SOLD by Way of public Vendue, on Thursday, the first of May next, at the Dwelling house of William Wright, of Manor Township, deceased, HORSES, Cattle, Sheep, Hogs, a good Waggon and Gears, Farming Utensils, and Household Furniture, with sundry other Things, too tedious to mention, where due Attendance and reasonable Credit will be given by MARY WRIGHT, and JAMES BURD, Execut." (The Pennsylvania Gazette, April 24, 1766)

Enslaved Person's Name: Daphine
Sex: Female
Age: Not stated, described as a woman in 1765
Date of Birth: Prior to 1765
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro woman"
Notes: Bequeathed to his son John Wright in his will, as follows:
I give and bequeath unto my son John Wright my negro woman named Daphine. I also give and bequeath unto my son John Wright the Sum of twenty nine pounds lawful money of Pennsylvania to be paid to him out of the said residue of my personal Estate in twelve months after my decease on his executing a release of all demands against my Estate. But in case my said son John shall make any claim or demands against my Estate for any other matter or thing whatsoever or shall refuse or neglect to give and execute such release, then & in that case the Bequest hereby made to him shall be void & the said Negro Women & sum of money shall be deemed and taken as part and parcel of my personal Estate not herein before given or bequeathed And in such case I give and bequeath unto my said son John Wright the Sum of five shillings lawful money of Pennsylvania and no more for his part or share of my Estate.
Date of Record: Will dated 13 November 1765, proved 12 February 1766.
Source: Lancaster County Will Book C, Vol. I, pp. 103-105. Entire text of the will is transcribed at "Vonda's Genealogy Pages," http://home.comcast.net/~vondadem/wghtwill.htm, accessed March 20, 2006.

Slaveholder Name: Yeates, Jasper, Esq.
City or Township: Lancaster Borough
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Attorney at Law (Source 102)
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Name not provided in census return
Sex: Female
Age: 50
Date of Birth: 1750 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the 1800 Septennial Census.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800
Enslaved Person's Name: Phillis
Sex: Female
Age: 22a ("or there abouts")
Date of Birth: 1758 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Woman"
Notes:
Date of Record: September 12, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Patty
Sex: Female
Age: 20a ("or there abouts")
Date of Birth: 1760 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Woman"
Notes:
Date of Record: September 12, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Prince
Sex: Male
Age: 16a ("or there abouts")
Date of Birth: 1764 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Lad"
Notes:
Date of Record: September 12, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"

Slaveholder Name: Yeates, John
City or Township: Salisbury Township
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Farmer
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Name not provided in census document
Sex: Female
Age: 30
Date of Birth: 1770 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the 1800 Septennial Census.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800
Enslaved Person's Name: Phillis
Sex: Female
Age: Infant at time of Registration.
Date of Birth: November 22, 1799
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Mulatto female child"
Notes: 1799 Registration notes "daughter of negro Wine." Mother of Voltaire, born November 11, 1817 and Scipio, born March 15, 1819.
Date of Record: December 10, 1799
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Voltaire
Sex: Male
Age: Ten days old at time of Registration.
Date of Birth: September 07, 1802
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Mulatto male child"
Notes: 1802 Registration notes "son of negro Wine." Another enslaved child named Voltaire, this one the son of Phillis, was born November 11, 1817. This Voltaire died in 1816 and was buried in the churchyard of the St. James Church. The Rev. Joseph Clarkson noted the burial in his records: "January 20, 1816. Voltaire, black boy of Mr. Yeates. In our yard, very improperly."
Date of Record: September 17, 1802 (Registration)
Sources: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "; H. M. J. Klein, The History Of St. James’ Church (Protestant Episcopal) 1744-1944, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 1944, p. 87.
Enslaved Person's Name: Nancy
Sex: Female
Age: Infant at time of Registration.
Date of Birth: "born on or about May 28 1808"
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Negro"
Notes: 1808 Registration notes "daughter of negro Wine," a female slave.
Date of Record: July 11, 1808
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Voltaire
Sex: Male
Age: About two months old at time of Registration.
Date of Birth: November 11, 1817
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Mulatto child"
Notes: Text of 1818 Registration of Voltaire: "John Yeats of Salisbury Township, farmer, returns that on the 11th day of November last a mulatto child called Voltaire, son of mulatto Phillis servant aforesaid of the said John Yeates was born and liable to serve till he arrives at the age of 28 years." Note that another child named Voltaire, this one the son of Wine, had been born in September 1802.

From Papers Read Before the Lancaster County Historical Society, Vol. 26, No. 5 [1922]: "The first negro from Lancaster county to emigrate to Liberia was a man named Voltaire Green. He sailed from New York on Oct. 2, 1850, for Bassa Cove. He was said to be free: his age was given as thirty-one; he could read and his occupation was listed as 'general work.'" (William Frederic Worner, "The Lancaster County Colonization Society," p. 121). The name and free status of the Liberia emigre match this slave, and the age is very close: within two years, making it likely this is the same person. Furthermore, the owner of the slave Voltaire was John Yeates, who in 1838 was a vice president of the Lancaster Colonization Society. (p. 116)
Date of Record: January 06, 1818
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Scipio
Sex: Male
Age: Eleven days old at time of Registration.
Date of Birth: 15 March 1819
Status: Slave to the age of 28
Description: "Mulatto male child"
Notes: Text of the 1819 Registration of Scipio: "John Yeates of Salisbury Township, returns Scipio a mulatto male child, son of mulatto Phillis, a servant to the said John Yeates until she arrives to the age of 28 years, said Scipio was born March 15, 1819."
Date of Record: 26 March 1819
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Rose
Sex: Female
Age: ? (adult in 1826)
Date of Birth: ?
Status: Not determined
Description: "Mulatto"
Notes: Mother of Napoleon Bonaparte (below), born November 08, 1826.
Date of Record: December 02, 1826
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "
Enslaved Person's Name: Napoleon Bonaparte
Sex: Male
Age: About one month old at Registration (see notes)
Date of Birth: November 08, 1826 (see notes)
Status: Slave to the age of 28 years
Description: "Mulatto male child"
Notes: Text of the 1826 Registration of Napoleon Bonaparte: "John Yeates of Salisbury Township, farmer, returns a mulatto male child called Napoleon Bonaparte, son of mulatto Rose property of the said John Yeates, was born November 8, 1824 (sic)." Note that the year of birth is likely a typo, or transcription error, as children of slaves had to be registrered within the first year of birth. Yeates also had a record of registering his term slaves within two months or less of their day of birth.
Date of Record: December 02, 1826
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me "

Slaveholder Name: Zantzinger, Paul
City or Township: Lancaster Borough
County: Lancaster
Occupation: Merchant (Source 102)
Notes:

Enslaved Person's Name: Jude
Sex: Female
Age:
Date of Birth:
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro"
Notes: Mentioned in the 1789 Registration of Jude's son Isaac.
Date of Record: February 25, 1789
Source: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780
Enslaved Person's Name: James
Sex: Male
Age: 30a
Date of Birth: 1750 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Man" (Source 102)
Notes: Baptised July 09, 1786 in St. John's Church, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. "James Flavia" is the name given in Egle's "Notes and Queries," but I believe Egle mixed up two of Zantzinger's slaves, "James" and "Flay (Flavia)." James was registered as a slave in Lancaster on September 19, 1780, at age 30, a "slave for life." (Source 102)
James is also identified as the father, and Flavia the mother, of the child Louisa, who was baptised April 18, 1784 at St James Episcopal Church, Lancaster. The entry, dated 1784, reads "Louisa of Flavia and James (slaves of Paul Zantzinger), 5 months old; bapt. April 18." (Source 104, page 76)
Date of Record:
Source: Egle, "Notes and Queries"
Enslaved Person's Name: Flay (Flavia)
Sex: Female
Age: 28a
Date of Birth: 1752 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Woman"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies "slave for life." Possibly baptised in St. John's Church, Lancaster. See notes for "James."
Flavia is also identified as the mother, and James the father, of the child Louisa, who was baptised April 18, 1784 at St James Episcopal Church, Lancaster. The entry, dated 1784, reads "Louisa of Flavia and James (slaves of Paul Zantzinger), 5 months old; bapt. April 18." (Source 104, page 76)
Date of Record: September 19, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Polly
Sex: Female
Age: 25a
Date of Birth: 1755 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Woman"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies "slave for life."
Date of Record: September 19, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: ???
Slave Gender: Female
Age: 26
Date of Birth: 1774 (calculated)
Slave Status: Slave for life
Slave Description:
Notes: Enumerated in the 1800 Septennial Census. This is the only slave enumerated in the Septennial census for Zantzinger, and most closely matches the slave Bell, listed below.
Date of Record: 1800
Source: Lancaster County Septennial Census Returns, 1800
Enslaved Person's Name: Bell Gardner
Sex: Female
Age: 07
Date of Birth: 1773 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Girl"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies "slave for life." Her surname Gardner is revealed on the registration by Zantzinger of her child Louisa, born March 16, 1798.
Date of Record: September 19, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Bill
Sex: Male
Age: 04a
Date of Birth: 1776 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Boy"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies "slave for life."
Date of Record: September 19, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Dina
Sex: Female
Age: 03a ("near 3 years old")
Date of Birth: 1777 (calculated)
Status: Slave for life
Description: "Negro Girl"
Notes: 1780 Slave Registration specifies "slave for life."
Date of Record: September 19, 1780
Source: "Slaves in Lancaster County in 1780"
Enslaved Person's Name: Louisa
Sex: Female
Age: 5 months old at time of record
Date of Birth: 1783- November (calculated)
Status: Not determined
Description: Child of slaves
Notes: James is identified as the father, and Flavia the mother, of the child Louisa, who was baptised April 18, 1784 at St James Episcopal Church, Lancaster. The entry, dated 1784, reads "Louisa of Flavia and James (slaves of Paul Zantzinger), 5 months old; bapt. April 18."
Date of Record: April 18, 1784
Source: Wright, "Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, Church Records of the 18th Century, Vol. 3", page 76
Enslaved Person's Name: James
Sex: Male
Age: -
Status: Not determined
Description: "Negro"
Notes: Son of Flavia; the father's name was not recorded, but it was probably James.
James' baptism was recorded in the records of St. James Episcopal Church, Lancaster, as "James; a negro, of Flavia, a slave of Paul Zantzinger, b. January 26, 1786; bapt July 9."
Date of Record: July 09, 1786
Source: Wright, "Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, Church Records of the 18th Century, Vol. 3", page 78
Enslaved Person's Name: Isaac
Sex: Male
Age: Between nine and ten months old at time of registration.
Date of Birth: 1788-April or May
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: Negro Male Child
Notes: 1789 Registration notes "born between nine & ten months ago--of My Negro Slave Jude."
Date of Record: February 25, 1789
Sources: Returns of Negro and Mulatto Children Born After the Year 1780 | "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."
Enslaved Person's Name: Louisa
Sex: Female
Age: Five months old at Registration.
Date of Birth: March 16, 1798
Status: Slave to age 28
Description: "Negro female child"
Notes: 1798 Registration notes "daughter of Bell Gardner," a female slave.
Date of Record: August 21, 1798
Source: "A RECORD of the returns made in writing and delivered to me..."

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